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Reaction time impairments in decision-making networks as a diagnostic marker for traumatic brain injuries and neurological diseases

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Abstract

The presence of diffuse Focal Axonal Swellings (FAS) is a hallmark cellular feature in many neurological diseases and traumatic brain injury. Among other things, the FAS have a significant impact on spike-train encodings that propagate through the affected neurons, leading to compromised signal processing on a neuronal network level. This work merges, for the first time, three fields of study: (i) signal processing in excitatory-inhibitory (EI) networks of neurons via population codes, (ii) decision-making theory driven by the production of evidence from stimulus, and (iii) compromised spike-train propagation through FAS. As such, we demonstrate a mathematical architecture capable of characterizing compromised decision-making driven by cellular mechanisms. The computational model also leads to several novel predictions and diagnostics for understanding injury level and cognitive deficits, including a key finding that decision-making reaction times, rather than accuracy, are indicative of network level damage. The results have a number of translational implications, including that the level of network damage can be characterized by the reaction times in simple cognitive and motor tests.

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  1. Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-3925, USA

    Pedro D. Maia & J. Nathan Kutz

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Appendix

Appendix

1.1 Additional histogram panels

For sake of completeness, we provide additional histogram panels for different coherence levels, injury levels and FAS distributions in Figs. 14, 15 and 16. Histogram panels follow the structure and conventions from Fig. 11 with the 9 possible outcomes of [Before vs After] annotated in the title of each subplot.

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Maia, P.D., Kutz, J.N. Reaction time impairments in decision-making networks as a diagnostic marker for traumatic brain injuries and neurological diseases. J Comput Neurosci 42, 323–347 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10827-017-0643-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10827-017-0643-y

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