Skip to main content
Log in

Fault Detection in Switched Current Circuits Using Built-in Transient Current Sensors

  • Analog and RF Design
  • Published:
Journal of Electronic Testing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Switched current (SI) circuits use analogue memory cells as building blocks. In these cells, like in most analogue circuits, there are hard-to-detect faults with conventional test methods. A test approach based on a built-in dynamic current sensor (BIDCS), whose detection method weights the highest frequency components of the dynamic supply current of the circuit under test, makes possible the detection of these faults, taking into account the changes in the slope of the dynamic supply current induced by the fault. A study of the influence of these faults in neighbouring cells helps to minimize the number of BICS needed in SI circuits as is shown in two algorithmic analogue-to-digital converters.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. K. Arabi and B. Kaminska. “Design and Realization of an Accurate Built-In Current Sensor for On-Line Power Dissipation Measurement and I DDQ Testing,” in Proceedings of the International Test Conference (ITC97), 1997, pp. 578–586.

  2. J. Argüelles, M. Martínez, and S. Bracho. “Dynamic I DD Test Circuit for Mixed Signal ICs,” Electronics Letters, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 485–486, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  3. K.T. Christensen and A. Jorgensen. “Easy Simulation and Design of On-chip Inductors in Standard CMOS Processes,” Proceedings of the International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS98), vol. 4, pp. 360–364, 1998.

  4. D. De Venuto, M.J. Ohletz, and B. Ricco. “On-Chip Signal Level Evaluation for Mixed-Signal ICs using Digital Windows Comparators,” Proceedings of the European Test Workshop (ETW01), 2001, pp. 68–72.

  5. M.S. Dragic, I.M. Filanovsky, and M. Margala. “A Novel On-Chip Amplifier for Fast I DD Current Monitoring,” Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, vol. 41, nos. 2/3, pp. 185–198, 2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. G.O. Ducoudray and J. Ramirez-Angulo, “On-chip i DD Pulse Response Method Using a High-Speed Dynamic Current Sensor,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2002, pp. 282-285.

  7. F. Giannini, E. Limiti, G. Orengo, and P. Sanzi, “High-Q Gyrator-Based Monolithic Active Tunable Bandstop Filter,” IEE Proc.-Circuits Devices Syst., vol. 145, no. 4, pp. 243–246, 1998.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. K. Huang, Computer Arithmetic—Principles, Architecture and Design, New York: Wiley, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Y. Lechuga, R. Mozuelos, M. Martinez, and S. Bracho, “Built-in Sensor Based on Current Supply High-Frequency Behaviour,” Electronics Letters, vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 775–777, 2003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Y. Lechuga, R. Mozuelos, M. Martinez, and S. Bracho, “Built-in Dynamic Current Sensors for Hard-to-Detect Faults in Mixed Signal ICs,” Proceedings of the Design Automation and Test in Europe (DATE02), pp. 205–211, 2002.

  11. L. Milor and V. Visvanathan, “Detection of Catastrophic Faults in Analog Integrated Circuits,” IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, vol. 8, no 2, pp. 114–130, 1989.

  12. D.G. Nairn and C.A.T. Salama, “A Ratio-Independent Algorithmic Analog-to-Digital Converter Combining Current Mode and Dynamic Techniques,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 319–325, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. M. J. Olhetz, “Hybrid Built-in Self-Test (HBIST) for Mixed Analog/Digital Integrated Circuits” in Proceedings of the European Test Conference (ETC91), 1991, pp. 307–316.

  14. I. Pecuh. M. Margala, and V. Stopjakova, “1.5 Volts I ddq/I ddt Current Monitor,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 1999, pp. 472–476.

  15. M. Renovell, F. Azaïs, J-C. Bodin, and Y. Bertrand, “Mixed Test Strategy for Switched-Current Circuits,” in Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Mixed-signal Testing Workshop (IMSTW99), 1999, pp. 177–193.

  16. S.S. Sabade and D.M. Walker, “I DDX-based test methods: A survey,” ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 159–198, 2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. V. Stopjaková, H. Manhaeve, and M. Sidiropulos, “On-Chip Transient Current Monitor for Testing of Low-Voltage CMOS IC,” Proceedings of the Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE99), 1999, pp. 538–542.

  18. C. Tomazou, J. B. Hugh, and N. C. Batttersby. “Switched-Currents an Analogue Technique for Digital Technology,” IEE Peter Peregrinus Ltd. 1993.

  19. H. Träff, T. Holmberg, and S. Eriksson, “Application of Switched-Current Technique to Algorithmic DA and AD Converters,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 1991, vol. 3, pp. 1549–1552.

  20. J. R. Vazquez and J. P. De Gyvez, “Built-in Current Sensor for Δ I DDQ Testing,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 511–518, 2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. J-S. Wang. and C-L. Wey, “A 12-bit 100-ns/bit 1.9-mW CMOS Switched-Current Cyclic A/D Converter,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 507–516, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Bracho.

Additional information

Yolanda Lechuga received a degree in Industrial Engineering from the University of Cantabria (Spain) in April 2000. Since then, she has been collaborating with the Microelectronics Engineering Group at the University of Cantabria, in the Electronics Technology, Systems and Automation Engineering Department. Since October 2000 she has been a post-graduate student, to be appointed as lecturer at this university, where she is working in her Ph.D. She is interested in supply current test methods, fault simulation, BIST and design for test of mixed signal integrated circuits.

Román Mozuelos received a degree in Physics with electronics from the University of Cantabria, Spain. From 1991 to 1995 he was working on the development of quartz crystal oscillators. Currently, he is a Ph.D. student and an assistant teacher at the University of Cantabria in the Department of Electronics Technology. His interests include mixed-signal design and test, fault simulation, and supply current monitoring.

Miguel A. Allende received his graduate degree in 1985 and Ph.D. degree in 1994, both from the University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain. In 1996, he became an Assistant Professor of Electronics Technology at the same Institution, where he is a member of the Microelectronics Engineering Group at the Electronics Technology, Systems and Automation Engineering Department in the Industrial and Telecommunication Engineering School. His research interests include design of VLSI circuits for industrial applications, test and DfT in digital VLSI communication circuits, and power supply current test of mixed, analogue and digital circuits.

Mar Martínez received her graduate degree and Ph.D. from the University of Cantabria (Spain) in 1986 and 1990. She has been Assistant Professor of Electronic Technology at the University of Cantabria (Spain) since 1991. At present, she is a member of the Electronics Technology, Systems and Automation Engineering Department in the Industrial and Telecommunication Engineering School. She has participated in several EU and Spanish National Research Projects. Her main research interest is mixed, analogue and digital circuit testing, using techniques based on supply current monitoring. She is also interested in test and design for test in digital VLSI circuits.

Salvador Bracho obtained his graduate degree and Ph.D. from the University of Seville (Spain) in 1967 and 1970. He was appointed Professor of Electronic Technology at the University of Cantabria (Spain) in 1973, where, at present, he is a member of the Electronics Technology, Systems and Automation Engineering Department in the Industrial and Telecommunication Engineering School. He has participated, as leader of the Microelectronics Engineering Group at the University of Cantabria, in more than twenty EU and Spanish National Research Projects. His primary research interest is in the area of test and design for test, such as full scan, partial scan or self-test techniques in digital VLSI communication circuits. He is also interested in mixed-signal, analogue and digital test, using methods based on power supply current monitoring. Another research interest is the design of analogue and digital VLSI circuits for industrial applications. Prof. Bracho is a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lechuga, Y., Mozuelos, R., Allende, M.A. et al. Fault Detection in Switched Current Circuits Using Built-in Transient Current Sensors. J Electron Test 21, 583–598 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10836-005-2543-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10836-005-2543-8

Keywords

Navigation