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Artificial Intelligence: A New Tool in Operating Room Management. Role of Machine Learning Models in Operating Room Optimization

  • Systems-Level Quality Improvement
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Abstract

We conducted a systematic review of literature to better understand the role of new technologies in the perioperative period; in particular we focus on the administrative and managerial Operating Room (OR) perspective. Studies conducted on adult (≥ 18 years) patients between 2015 and February 2019 were deemed eligible. A total of 19 papers were included. Our review suggests that the use of Machine Learning (ML) in the field of OR organization has many potentials. Predictions of the surgical case duration were obtain with a good performance; their use could therefore allow a more precise scheduling, limiting waste of resources. ML is able to support even more complex models, which can coordinate multiple spaces simultaneously, as in the case of the post-anesthesia care unit and operating rooms. Types of Artificial Intelligence could also be used to limit another organizational problem, which has important economic repercussions: cancellation. Random Forest has proven effective in identifing surgeries with high risks of cancellation, allowing to plan preventive measures to reduce the cancellation rate accordingly. In conclusion, although data in literature are still limited, we believe that ML has great potential in the field of OR organization; however, further studies are needed to assess the effective role of these new technologies in the perioperative medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Viale Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy

    Valentina Bellini & Elena Bignami

  2. Department of Engineering and Architecture, Parco Area delle Scienze, 181/A -, 43124, Parma, Italy

    Marco Guzzon, Barbara Bigliardi, Monica Mordonini & Serena Filippelli

Authors
  1. Valentina Bellini
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  2. Marco Guzzon
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  3. Barbara Bigliardi
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Correspondence to Elena Bignami.

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Bellini, V., Guzzon, M., Bigliardi, B. et al. Artificial Intelligence: A New Tool in Operating Room Management. Role of Machine Learning Models in Operating Room Optimization. J Med Syst 44, 20 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-019-1512-1

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