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Virtual Machine Placement Algorithm for Energy Saving and Reliability of Servers in Cloud Data Centers

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Abstract

Since cloud data centers operating from thousands to tens of thousands of servers consume enormous amount of power, there is a strong interest in energy efficiency. With virtualization technology, a server can accommodate multiple virtual machines. Once a server is running, it consumes a high amount of power even if the utilization is low, so placing as many virtual machines on a few servers as possible is desirable to save power. On the other hand, in a highly integrated environment, the heat generated from servers can cause a heat island. High-temperature environment can cause serious problems with the reliability of the servers, so the virtual machine should be placed in consideration of this. For resolving the problems, this paper proposes a virtual machine placement algorithm for energy saving considering server reliability. According to the performance evaluation, the proposed algorithm shows the similar or better level of power consumption as the existing methods, while it achieves the target server reliability and no heat islands generated.

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Notes

  1. The heat generated during the operation of the server, when the air discharged to the rear of the server is not removed quickly, the hot air behind the rack collects as an island.

  2. Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE): the ratio of power consumed by the entire data center to the power consumed by the IT sector [23].

  3. Reliability 0.9995 implies that the server is not available for 262.8 min in a year, 0.9999 for 52.6 min in a year, and 0.99995 for 26.3 min in a year.

  4. According to ASHRAE 2011 Thermal Guidelines [22], the allowable temperature for servers in Class 2 and 3 data centers is guided 35° at maximum. Class 2 or 3 implies that a data center is typically with an information technology space or office or lab environment with some control of environmental parameters (dew point, temperature, and relative humidity); types of products typically designed for this environment are volume servers, storage products, personal computers, and workstation.

  5. There is no specific guideline for the target reliability, but it depends on the operator’s policy in consideration of reliability and CAPEX/OPEX.

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  1. Division of Computer Engineering, Sungkyul Univerisity, Anyang, South Korea

    JungYul Choi

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  1. JungYul Choi
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Choi, J. Virtual Machine Placement Algorithm for Energy Saving and Reliability of Servers in Cloud Data Centers. J Netw Syst Manage 27, 149–165 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-018-9462-3

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