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On the Deployment of Antenna Elements in Generalized Multi-User Distributed Antenna Systems

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Abstract

In this paper, we focus on a generalized multi-user distributed antenna system (DAS), where the antenna elements (AEs) are divided into antenna clusters and the antenna clusters are randomly deployed in the coverage area. The mobile terminals equipped with M AEs each are supposed to be uniformly distributed in the coverage area. We are motivated to study the impact of the deployment of antenna elements on the system performance. In the model of consideration, the deployment of antenna elements is characterized by the antenna cluster size V, i.e., the number of AEs within each antenna cluster, and the distribution of the antenna clusters. With the assumption that the antenna clusters are uniformly deployed in the coverage area, the impact of the antenna cluster size V on the uplink sum rate capacity is particularly investigated. The mean square access distance (MSAD), a function of V, is proposed as a reasonable metric instead of the uplink sum rate capacity. From the analysis of the asymptotic behavior of MSAD, we derive an approximate closed-form expression for the expectation of MSAD over system topologies. Then, it is concluded that the ergodic uplink sum rate capacity can be improved due to access distance reduction by scattering AEs further only when V > M. An approximate closed-form expression for the relative variance of MSAD is also derived. And we conclude that the outage uplink sum rate capacity can be improved due to macro-diversity by scattering AEs further only when V ≤ M. In other words, when V ≤ M, the ergodic uplink sum rate capacity can not be improved by scattering AEs further, when V > M, the outage uplink sum rate capacity can not be improved by scattering AEs further. Finally, our analysis is well verified by Monte Carlo simulations.

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Notes

  1. In this paper, we denote the DAS where the distributed AEs are absolutely scattered as “\(\mathcal {A}\)-DAS”.

  2. The AEs are scattered around to some extent, but not scattered absolutely as an“\(\mathcal {A}\)-DAS”. The antenna cluster size is an important parameter to characterize the DASs with intermediate states.

  3. If V is maximized, i.e., all the antenna elements are deployed together, we can obtain a traditional co-located antenna system (CAS). If V = 1, we can obtain an absolute DAS (\(\mathcal {A}\)-DAS), where the antenna elements are absolutely scattered.

  4. V is the antenna cluster size.

  5. The M nearest AEs of MT i.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions. We would also like to thank the input from Jingyao Zhang (Tsinghua University) and Nan Hua (Georgia Institute of Technology).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Feng, Yunzhou Li, Jiansong Gan, Shidong Zhou & Jing Wang

  2. ETRI Beijing R&D Center, Beijing, 100027, People’s Republic of China

    Minghua Xia

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  1. Wei Feng
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  2. Yunzhou Li
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  3. Jiansong Gan
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  4. Shidong Zhou
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  5. Jing Wang
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  6. Minghua Xia
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wei Feng.

Additional information

This work is partially supported by China Nature Science Foundation (90204001) and Tsinghua-ETRI of Korea collaborative research project and China’s 863 Project (2006AA01Z282) and Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET).

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Feng, W., Li, Y., Gan, J. et al. On the Deployment of Antenna Elements in Generalized Multi-User Distributed Antenna Systems. Mobile Netw Appl 16, 35–45 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-009-0214-1

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