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Energy-Efficient Resource Optimization in Green Cognitive Internet of Things

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Abstract

Cognitive Internet of Things (CIoT) can improve spectrum utilization by accessing idle 4G/5G spectrum, in order to provide better transmission quality. However, compared with the traditional IoT, spectrum sensing may consume much energy, which decreases the transmission power of the CIoT. In this paper, a green CIoT has been proposed to collect the radio frequency (RF) energy of primary user (PU) by using energy harvesting. The frame is divided into sensing slot and transmission slot, and the nodes are divided into two independent groups to perform spectrum sensing and energy harvesting simultaneously in the sensing slot. The energy efficiency of the CIoT is maximized by formulating an optimization problem about sensing time, number of sensing nodes and transmission power, whose suboptimal value is achieved using a joint optimization algorithm. In order to guarantee energy balance, the alternative mechanism of spectrum sensing and energy harvesting is proposed to prolong the life of the CIoT. Simulation results have indicated the existence of the optimal solution and the outstanding performance of the green CIoT.

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Acknowledgements

This paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China under Grants 61601221 and 61871348, the Joint Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundations of China and the Civil Aviation of China under Grant U1833102, and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundations under Grants 2015M580425 and 2018T110496.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China

    Xin Liu

  2. Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China

    Ying Li

  3. School of Civil Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China

    Xueyan Zhang

  4. College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China

    Weidang Lu

  5. School of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China

    Mudi Xiong

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  1. Xin Liu
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  2. Ying Li
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  3. Xueyan Zhang
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  4. Weidang Lu
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  5. Mudi Xiong
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Correspondence to Xueyan Zhang.

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Liu, X., Li, Y., Zhang, X. et al. Energy-Efficient Resource Optimization in Green Cognitive Internet of Things. Mobile Netw Appl 25, 2527–2535 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-020-01510-w

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