Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A new aspect in robust digital watermarking

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Generally, in watermarking scheme the size of the watermark is very small when compare to host image. On the contrary, this is an attempt in which a new watermarking scheme is presented where the size of host image is very small when compare with watermark image. The core idea of the proposed scheme is to scale up the size of host image equal to the size of watermark via over-sampling and then decompose it using stationary wavelet transform. A gray scale watermark is embedded in the low frequency sub-band at the finest level using singular value decomposition. To prevent ambiguity and enhance the security, a binary watermark is also embedded in loss-less manner. Finally, a reliable watermark extraction scheme is developed for extracting both the watermarks. The experimental results demonstrate better visual imperceptibility and resiliency of the proposed scheme against intentional or un-intentional variety of attacks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Barni M, Bartonlini F, Cappellini V, Piva A (1998) A DCT domain system for robust image watermarking. Signal Process 66(3):357–372

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Barni M, Bartonlini F, Piva A (2001) Improved wavelet based watermarking through pixel wise masking. IEEE Trans Image Process 10(5):783–791

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Bhatnagar G, Raman B (2008) Robust watermarking scheme based on multiresolution fractional Fourier transform. In: Proc. of Indian conference on computer vision, graphics and image processing, Bhubaneshwar, India, pp 1–8

  4. Bors AG, Pitas I (1998) Image watermarking using block site selection and DCT domain constraints. Optics Exp 3(12):512–523

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Carroll JM, Verhagen J, Wong PT (1992) Chaos in cryptography: the escape from the strange attractor. Cryptologia 16(1):52–72

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Chandra DVS (2002) Digital image watermarking using singular value decomposition. In: Proc. of IEEE midwest sym. on circuits and systems, Phoenix, AZ, pp 264–267

  7. Chang CC, Tsai P, Lin CC (2005) SVD-based digital image watermarking scheme. Pattern Recogn Lett 26(10):577–1586

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Cox IJ, Killian J, Leighton FT, Shamoon T (1997) Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia. IEEE Trans Image Process 6(12):1673–1687

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Dawei Z, Guanrong C, Wenbo L (2004) A chaos-based robust wavelet-domain watermarking algorithm. Journal of Chaos Solitons Fractals 22(1):47–54

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Devaney RL (2003) An introduction to chaotic dynamical systems. Westview Press, Colorado

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Ganic E, Eskicioglu AM (2005) Robust embedding of visual watermarks using DWT-SVD. J Electron Imag 14:043004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ganic E, Zubair N, Eskicioglu AM (2003) An optimal watermarking scheme based on singular value decomposition. In: Proc. of the IASTED international conference on communication, network, and information security, Uniondale, NY, pp 85–90

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gorodetski VI, Popyack LJ, Samoilov V, Skormin VA (2001) SVD-based approach to transparent embedding data into digital images. In: Proc. of international workshop on mathematical methods, models and architectures for computer network security. St. Petersburg, Russia

  14. Han H, Yao H, Liu S, Liu Y (2005) A fragile image watermarking based on mass and centroid. Lect Notes Comput Sci 3333:441–448

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hsu CT, Wu JL (1996) Hidden signatures in images. In: Proc. of international conference of image processing, Lausanne, vol 3, pp 223–226

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hsu CT, Wu JL (1998) Multiresolution watermarking for digital images. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst 45(8):1097–1101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Hwang MS, Chang CC, Hwang KF (1999) A watermarking technique based on one-way hash functions. IEEE Trans Consum Electron 45(2):286–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kundur D, Hatizinakos D (2004) Towards robust logo watermarking using multi-resolution image fusion. IEEE Trans Multimedia 6(1):185–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Lasota A, Mackey MC (1997) Chaos, fractals, and noise-stochastic aspects of dynamics. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  20. Lee YK, Chen LH (2000) High capacity image steganographic model. IEE Proc Vis Image Signal Proces 147(3):288–294

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Li Q, Yuan C, Zong YZ (2007) Adaptive DWT-SVD domain image watermarking using human visual model. In: Proc. of international conference on advanced communication technology, Phoenix Park, Gangwon-Do, Republic of Korea, pp 1947–1951

  22. Liu R, Tan T (2002) An SVD-based watermarking scheme for protecting rightful ownership. IEEE Trans Multimedia 4(1):121–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Meerwald P, Uhl A (2001) A survey of wavelet-domain watermarking algorithms. In: Proc. of SPIE, electronic imaging, security and watermarking of multimedia contents III, San Jose, CA, USA, pp 4314

  24. Nason GP, Silverman BW (1995) The stationary wavelet transform and some statistical applications. Notes Stat 108:281–289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Piva A, Barni M, Bartonlini F, Cappellini V (1997) DCT-based watermarking recovering without restoring to the uncompressed original image. In: Proc. of IEEE international conference on image processing, Washington, DC, USA, vol 1, pp 520–523

  26. Pun CM (2006) A novel DFT-based digital watermarking system for images. In: Proc. of international conference of signal processing, Vienna, Austria, vol 2, pp 1–4

  27. Schyndle RGV, Trikel AZ, Osbrone CF (1994) A digital watermark. In: Proc. of IEEE international conference on image processing, Austin, Texas, vol 2, pp 86–90

  28. Shirani S, Gallant M, Kossentini F (2001) Multiple description image coding using pre- and post-processing. In: Proceedings of international conference on information technology: coding and computing, Las Vegas, Nevada, pp 35–39

  29. Solachidis V, Pitas I (2004) Optimal detector for multiplicative watermarks embedded in the DFT domain of non-white signals. EURASIP J Appl Signal Process 2004:2522–2532

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Strang G (1993) Introduction to linear algebra. Wellesley-Cambridge Press

  31. Sverldov A, Dexter S, Eskicioglu AM (2005) Robust DCT-SVD domain image watermarking for copyright protection: embedding data in all frequencies. In: Proc. of European signal processing conference, Antalya, Turkey. http://www.eurasip.org/Proceedings/Eusipco/Eusipco2005/defevent/abstract/a1023.pdf

  32. Wang Y, Doherty JF, Van-dyck RE (2002) A wavelet based watermarking algorithm for ownership verification of digital images. IEEE Trans Image Process 11(2):77–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Xia X, Boncelet CG, ARCE GR (1997) A multiresolution watermark for digital images. In: Proc. of IEEE international conference on image processing, Washington, DC, USA, vol 3, pp 548–551

  34. Yavuz E, Telatar Z (2007) Improved SVD-DWT based digital image watermarking against watermark ambiguity. In: Proc. of ACM symposium on applied computing, Seoul, Korea, pp 1051–1055.

  35. Zeng BLW, Lei S (1999) Extraction of multiresolution watermark images for resolving rightful ownership. In: Proc. of SPIE, security and watermarking of multimedia contents, San Jose, CA, vol 3657, pp 404–414

  36. Zhang XP, Li K (2005) An SVD-based watermarking scheme for protecting rightful ownership. IEEE Trans Multimedia 7(2):593–594

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada, N9C 1M2

    Gaurav Bhatnagar & Q. M. Jonathan Wu

  2. Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247 667, India

    Balasubramanian Raman

Authors
  1. Gaurav Bhatnagar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Q. M. Jonathan Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Balasubramanian Raman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gaurav Bhatnagar.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bhatnagar, G., Wu, Q.M.J. & Raman, B. A new aspect in robust digital watermarking. Multimed Tools Appl 66, 179–200 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-011-0788-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-011-0788-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation