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An embedding approach using orthogonal matrices of the singular value decomposition for image steganography

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Abstract

This paper aims to reduce the embedding errors, maintain the image fidelity, and reduce the errors, when detecting the embedded messages in images. An embedding approach is proposed that depends on using the orthogonal matrices of the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) as a vessel for embedding information instead of embedding in the singular values of the images. Three ways are suggested to reduce the embedding errors and maintain the image fidelity, when detecting the embedded message. These ways are increasing the number of columns protected without embedding, choosing the suitable block size to embed in and adjusting the singular values in order to give a high quality of the stego image. Results show that utilization of the orthogonal matrices of the SVD for information hiding can be as effective as using transform-based techniques, and it gives better results than those obtained with the Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University through the Fast-track Research Funding program. The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this work through research group No (RG-1440-039).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Hanaa A. Abdallah & Fathi E. Abd El-Samie

  2. Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

    Hanaa A. Abdallah & Abdalhameed A. Shaalan

  3. Department of Computer Science, Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh, 28095-11437, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammed Amoon

  4. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt

    Mohammed Amoon

  5. Faculty of Computers and Information, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt

    Mohiy M. Hadhoud

  6. Department of Electrical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia

    Saleh A. Alshebeili

  7. KACST TIC in Radio Frequency and Photonics for the e-Society, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia

    Saleh A. Alshebeili

  8. Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt

    Fathi E. Abd El-Samie

Authors
  1. Hanaa A. Abdallah
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  2. Mohammed Amoon
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  3. Mohiy M. Hadhoud
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  4. Abdalhameed A. Shaalan
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  5. Saleh A. Alshebeili
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  6. Fathi E. Abd El-Samie
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammed Amoon.

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Abdallah, H.A., Amoon, M., Hadhoud, M.M. et al. An embedding approach using orthogonal matrices of the singular value decomposition for image steganography. Multimed Tools Appl 79, 7175–7191 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-019-7657-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-019-7657-6

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