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Hybrid multiplicative multi-watermarking in DWT domain

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Abstract

Multiwatermarking embeds multiple watermarks into the media content imperceptibly. It is regarded as the potential means to protect the media contents’ copyright and/or trace illegal redistributors in multi-user environments, e.g., collaborative media content production or layered media content distribution. However, there are still some open issues in designing a good multiwatermarking scheme, including the combination between multiple embedding steps, the combination between multiple watermarks and the security of embedding schemes. In this paper, novel multiwatermarking schemes are proposed, which are based on hybrid multi-bit multiplicative rules controlled by secret keys. Two hybrid multiplicative multiwatermarking decoders, i.e., optimum and locally optimum, are proposed, which are based on the minimum Bayesian risk criterion and the DWT coefficients are modeled as the generalized Gaussian distribution. The BER (average bit error rate) as the evaluation index of the performance of optimum hybrid decoders is exactly analyzed. Finally, experimental results are shown to confirm the validity of the theoretical and empirical analysis.

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Acknowledgments

This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61272421, 61103141, 61232016, 61173141, 61103201,61402235), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (Grant No. 12KJB520006), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu Government Scholarship for Overseas Studies and CICAEET.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Network Monitoring Engineering Center, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

    Jinwei Wang

  2. France Telecom R&D Beijing, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Shiguo Lian

  3. ECE, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA

    Yun-Qing Shi

Authors
  1. Jinwei Wang
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  2. Shiguo Lian
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  3. Yun-Qing Shi
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Correspondence to Jinwei Wang.

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Wang, J., Lian, S. & Shi, YQ. Hybrid multiplicative multi-watermarking in DWT domain. Multidim Syst Sign Process 28, 617–636 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-015-0363-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-015-0363-2

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