Abstract
Raman amplification will, in a closer future, penetrate into the access network, bringing new challenges and difficulties to be overcome. In this article, we present the performance assessment of Raman amplification solutions suitable for Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) access networks applications. For this purpose, a pumping scheme with three lasers allows a bandwidth of 78 nm which is suitable for four CWDM channels. For this scheme, the gain and noise figure dependence with the pumping configuration was evaluated. The gain equalization was experimentally obtained based on a previously developed model using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) for pump allocation. A comparative study of Raman amplification in different types of Raman fibers (single mode fiber and dispersion shifted fiber) is also presented as well as the use of composite links. Those applications were tested in a local network and the obtained results comply with the modeling foreknowledge, showing the feasibility of Raman amplification over CWDM networks.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amplification in CWDM Systems, BTI Photonic Systems (http://www.btiphotonics.com)
Internation Telecommunications Union, ITU -T G.694.1 (http://www.itu.int)
Internation Telecommunications Union, ITU -T G.694.2 (http://www.itu.int)
Kidorf, H., Rottwitt, K., Nissov, M., Ma, M., Ribarijaona, E.: Pump interactions in a 100-nm bandwidth Raman amplifier. IEEE Photon. Tecnol. Lett. 11(5), 530–532 (1999)
Karásek, M., Kanka, J., Honzátko, P., Peterka, P.: Time-domain simulation of power transients in Raman fibre amplifiers. Int. J. Num. Model. Electron. Network Dev. Fields 17(2), 165–176 (2004)
Stolen, R.H., Ippen, E.P.: Raman gain in glass optical waveguides. Appl. Phys. Lett. 22, 276–278 (1973)
Neto, B., Junior, S., Teixeira, A.L.J., André, P.S.: Efficient simulation of Raman amplifiers propagation equations and spectral gain with optimization techniques. In: European Conference on Networks and Optical Communications (NOC), vol. 1, pp. 381–386. Berlin, Germany, (2006)
Bromage, J.: Raman amplification for fiber communication systems. IEEE/OSA J. Lightwave Technol. 22, 79–93 (2004)
Neto, B., Teixeira, A.L.J., Wada, N., André, P.S.: Efficient use of hybrid Genetic Algorithms in the gain optimization of distributed Raman amplifiers. Opt. Express 15(26), 17520–17528 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sperti, D., André, P.S., Neto, B. et al. Experimental assessment of some Raman fiber amplifiers solutions for coarse wavelength division multiplexing applications. Photon Netw Commun 16, 195–202 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-008-0130-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-008-0130-5