Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Simulant designing of an ultra-compact AND, OR logical gates based on two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Photonic Network Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, we employed optical waveguides in a silicon rod base structure to realize AND, OR logical operation simultaneously based on two-dimensional photonic crystals. All of the structure is composed of silicon rods. Employing silicon rods of different radii as defect rods in optical waveguide filtered the desired wavelength. We utilized two similar waveguides as our input bits and two waveguides as AND and OR outputs. The overall footprint of the proposed device is 60 μm2 and hence is very compact. The time responses of device are about 0.5 ps and hence in conjunction with the mentioned characteristics suggest the use of the device for computational applications. The electric field distribution is obtained by the finite-difference time-domain method. In this paper, the logic state of ‘1’ and ‘0’ at output port is defined as the transmission is around ‘1’ and less than 0.25, respectively. The compact size of the proposed structure and the materials used make the proposed device suitable for optical integrated circuits.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Joannopoulas, J.D., Mead, R.D., Winn, J.N.: Photonic Crystals “Modeling the Flow of Light”. Princeton University, Princeton, NJ (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Li, L., Schröder, T., Chen, E.H., Bakhrub, H., Englund, D.: One-dimensional photonic crystal cavities in single-crystal diamond. Photonics Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 15, 130–136 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Mendoza-Suárez, A., Pérez-Aguilar, H.: Numerical integral methods to study plasmonic modes in a photonic crystal waveguide with circular inclusions that involve a metamaterial. Photonics Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 21, 1–12 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Dutta, H.S., Goyal, A.K., Srivastava, V., Pal, S.: Coupling light in photonic crystal waveguides: a review. Photonics Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 20, 41–58 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Parandin, F., Karkhanehchi, M.M.: Terahertz all-optical NOR and AND logic gates based on 2D photonic crystals. Superlattices Microstruct. 101, 253–260 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Hussein, H.M.E., Ali, T.A., Rafat, N.H.: New designs of a complete set of photonic crystals logic gates. Opt. Commun. 411, 175–181 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Xavier, S.C., Carolin, B.E., Kabilan, A.P., Johnson, W.: Compact photonic crystal integrated circuit for all-optical logic operation. IET Optoelectron. 10(4), 142–147 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kabilan, A., Christina, X.S., Caroline, P.E.: Design of optical logic gates using photonic crystal, in: First Asian Himalayas International Conference on Internet, pp. 1–4 (2009)

  9. Tang, C., Dou, X., Lin, Y., Yin, H., Wu, B., Zhao, Q.: Design of all-optical logic gates avoiding external phase shifters in a two-dimensional photonic crystal based on multi-mode interference for BPSK signals. Opt. Commun. 316, 49–55 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. haq Shaik, E., Rangaswamy, N.: Multi-mode interference-based photonic crystal logic gates with simple structure and improved contrast ratio. Photonic Netw. Commun. 34(1), 140–148 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Andalib, P., Granpayeh, N.: All-optical ultracompact photonic crystal and gate based on nonlinear ring resonators. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 26(1), 10–16 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Serajmohammadi, S., Absalan, H.: All optical nand gate based on nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator. Inf. Process. Agric. 3(2), 119–123 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Rani, P., Kalra, Y., Sinha, R.: Design of all optical logic gates in photonic crystal waveguides. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron Opt. 126(9–10), 950–955 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Younis, R.M., Areed, N.F., Obayya, S.S.: Fully integrated AND and OR optical logic gates. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 26(19), 1900–1903 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Johnson, S., Joannopoulos, J.: Block-iterative frequency-domain methods for Maxwell’s equations in a planewave basis. Opt. Express 8, 173 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Green, M.A., Keevers, M.J.: Optical properties of intrinsic silicon at 300 K. Prog. Photovolt. 3, 189–192 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Taflove, A.: Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time domain Method. Artech House, Norwood (1995)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Qiu, M.: Effective index method for heterostructure-slab-waveguide-based two-dimensional photonic crystals. Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 1163–1165 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

    Mohammad Derakhshan

  2. Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Naseri

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran

    Maryam Ghazizadeh

  4. Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

    Reza Talebzadeh

Authors
  1. Mohammad Derakhshan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ali Naseri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Maryam Ghazizadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Reza Talebzadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Reza Talebzadeh.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Derakhshan, M., Naseri, A., Ghazizadeh, M. et al. Simulant designing of an ultra-compact AND, OR logical gates based on two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides. Photon Netw Commun 36, 338–343 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-018-0785-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-018-0785-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation