Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A modified topology achieved in OFDM/SAC-OCDMA-based multi-diagonal code for enhancing spectral efficiency

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Photonic Network Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, a modified topology-based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing–spectral amplitude coding in optical code division multiple access (OFDM–SAC-OCDMA) has been introduced. Such analysis aims to explain the effect of spectral efficiency with respect to multi-diagonal (MD) code. The new proposed technique introduces a fusion system between the two-code keying scheme and the forward error correction (FEC). The introduced analysis has targeted the effect of signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, and spectral efficiency with the presence of beat noise, phase incoherent intensity noise, and thermal noise. Numerical simulations have been utilized and tested in order to illustrate the validation of the (MD) code method to eliminate dominant noise. The calculation results show the following; the SNR and BER for MD under the presence of the previous discussed signal degradation is equal 161 and 1.2 × 10−10, respectively, according to a predefined number of users 150 comparing with some existing codes such as: modified frequency hopping code, Hadamard (HD) code, modified quadratic congruence code. The proposed unipolar encoding with direct detection technique-based OFDM/SAC-OCDMA scheme achieves an enhancement in the performance of SE over the unipolar encoding with direct detection technique-based SAC-OCDMA technique by 3.455 dB. The proposed two keying scheme-based OFDM/SAC-OCDMA introduces an enhancement in the performance of the SE over the unipolar encoding with direct detection technique-based OFDM/SAC-OCDMA technique by 2.8859 dB. FEC has been applied in order to increase the spectral efficiency for different BERs, which the numerical results show that FEC provides 1.7457 dB. Finally, the total enhancement for SE was about 8.0866 dB.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Imtiaz, W.A.: Design of high-capacity spectral amplitude coding ocdma system with single photo-diode detection technique. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 43(6), 2769–2777 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bhanja, U., Khuntia, A.: Performance analysis of a SAC-OCDMA FSO network. In: Signal Processing, Computing and Control (ISPCC), 21–23 Sept 2017

  3. Aljunid, S.A., Ismail, M., Ramli, A.R., Ali, B.M., Abdullah, M.K.: A new family of optical code sequences for spectral amplitude-coding optical CDMA systems. IEEE Photon Technol. Lett. 16, 2383–2385 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bakarman, H.A., Eltaif, T., Menon, P.S., Muqaibel, M., Shaari, S.: OCDMA optical access network based on OCDMA systems: transmission and security performance. Int. J. Commun. 7, 35–41 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Rochette, M., Ayotte, S.: Analysis of the spectral efficiency of frequency-encoded OCDMA systems with incoherent sources. J. Lightwave Technol. 23(4), 1610–1619 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Bajpai, R., Srivastava, N.: Performance enhancement of SPD technique in SAC-OCDMA systems. IOSR J. Electron. Commun. Eng. (IOSR-JECE) 9, 59–64 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ateeq, F.: Performance analysis of spectral amplitude coding OCDMA detection techniques. J. Emerg. Trends Appl. Eng. (JETAE) 1(3), 1–10 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Cherifi, A., Yagoubi, B., Bouazza, B.S., Dahman, A.O.: New method for the construction of optical zero cross correlation code using block matrices in OCDMA-OFDM system. J. Telecommun. Electron. Comput. Eng. 8(1), 33–39 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Aldhaibani, A.O., Aljunid, S.A., Anuar, M.S., Arief, A.R.: Enhancement of performance of multi diagonal code OCDMA system using OFDM technique. Appl. Mech. Mater. 679, 30–34 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Singh, H., Sheetal, A., Singh, M.: Performance analysis of 2D multi-diagonal code for OCDMA system. Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol. (IRJET) 03, 1282–1287 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Hussein, T., Aljunid, S.A., Fadhil, H.A.: Performance improvement of hybrid SCM SAC-OCDMA networks using multi-diagonal csode. Sci. Res. Essays 7, 1262–1272 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Fadhil, H.A., Junid, S.A., Ahmad, R.B.: Effects of the random diagonal code link parameters on the performance of an OCDMA scheme for high-speed access networks. Opt. Fiber Technol. 15, 237–241 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Motealleh, M., Maesoumi, M.: Simulation of a SAC-OCDMA 10 User ×15 Gb/s system using MD code. Int. J. Opt. Appl. 4, 20–26 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ahmed, I.S., Aljunid, A., Rashidi, B.M., Al dulaimi, A.: high performance with avalanche photodiode in wavelength/time optical code division multiple access. Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 10(15), 306–314 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Anaman, J.O., Prince, S.: Improvement in the spectral efficiency achieved in OCDMA using 1 dimensional OOCs. In: Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering, London, UK, July 4–6, 2012

  16. Karbassiana, M.M., Küppersa, F.: Enhancing spectral efficiency and capacity in synchronous OCDMA by transposed-MPC. Opt. Switch. Netw. 9(2), 130–137 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rochette, M., Rusch, L.A.: Spectral efficiency of OCDMA systems with coherent pulsed sources. J. Lightwave Technol. 23(3), 1033–1038 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ayotte, S., Rusch, L.A.: Increasing the capacity of SAC-OCDMA: forward error correction or coherent sources. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 13(5), 1422–1428 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Durand, F.R., Abrão, T.: Energy efficiency in optical CDMA networks with forward error correction. Photonic Netw. Commun. 13, 1–10 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Aljunid, S.A., Amphawan, A.: Improving spectral efficiency of SAC-OCDMA systems by SPD scheme. IEICE Electron. Express 9(24), 1829–1834 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, Egypt

    Bedir Yousif

  2. Miser Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt

    Ibrahim El. Metwally

  3. Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Ahmed Shaban Samra

Authors
  1. Bedir Yousif
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ibrahim El. Metwally
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ahmed Shaban Samra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ibrahim El. Metwally.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yousif, B., Metwally, I.E. & Samra, A.S. A modified topology achieved in OFDM/SAC-OCDMA-based multi-diagonal code for enhancing spectral efficiency. Photon Netw Commun 37, 90–99 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-018-0796-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-018-0796-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation