Abstract
Geometric transformations are fundamental operations in quantum image processing. We present quantum algorithms to realize two geometric transformations (i.e., the linear cyclic translation and two-point swapping transformations) on quantum images with \(2^n\) pixels. The circuits for two geometric transformations are designed with the complexity O(n). Comparative analysis and simulation results reveal that the proposed cyclic translation and two-point swapping transformations are efficient.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Shor, P.W.: Algorithms for quantum computation: Discrete logarithms and factoring. In: Proceedings of the 35th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, pp. 124–134 (1994)
Grover, L.: A fast quantum mechanical algorithm for database search. In: Proceedings of 28th Annual ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing, pp. 212–219 (1996)
Long, G.L., Liu, Y.: Search an unsorted database with quantum mechanics. Front. Comput. Sci. Chi. 1(3), 247–271 (2007)
Beach, G., Lomont, C., Cohen, C.: Quantum image processing (quip). In: Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Conference on Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop, pp. 39–44 (2003)
Venegas-Andraca, S.E., Bose, S.: Storing, processing and retrieving an image using quantum mechanics. In: Proceedings of SPIE Conference Quantum Information and Computation, pp. 137–147 (2003)
Le, P.Q., Dong, F., Hirota, K.: A flexible representation of quantum images for polynomial preparation, image compression, and processing operations. Quantum Inform. Process. 10(1), 63–84 (2011)
Zhang, Y., Lu, K., Gao, Y., Wang, M.: NEQR: a novel enhanced quantum representation of digital images. Quantum Inf. Process. 12(8), 2833–2860 (2013)
Li, H.S., Zhu, Q., Zhou, R.G., Li, M., Song, L., Ian, H.: Multidimensional color image storage, retrieval, and compression based on quantum amplitudes and phases. Inf. Sci. 273, 212–232 (2014)
Yan, F., Iliyasu, A.M., Guo, Y., Yang, H.: Flexible representation and manipulation of audio signals on quantum, computers. Theor. Comput. Sci. 752, 71–85 (2018)
Li, H.S., Fan, P., Xia, H., Peng, H., Song, S.: Quantum implementation circuits of quantum signal representation and type conversion. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I: Reg. Papers 66(1), 341–354 (2019)
Yan, F., Jiao, S., Iliyasu, A.M., Jiang, Z.: Chromatic framework for quantum movies and applications in creating montages. Fron. Comput. Sci. 12(4), 736–748 (2018)
Jiang, N., Ji, Z., Wang, J., Lu, X., Zhou, R.: Quantum image histogram statistics. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 59(11), 3533–3548 (2020)
Cai, Y., Lu, X., Jiang, N.: A survey on quantum image processing. Chin. J. Elec. 27(4), 718–727 (2018)
Pang, C.Y., Zhou, R.G., Hu, B.Q., Hu, W., El-Rafei, A.: Signal and image compression using quantum discrete cosine transform. Inf. Sci. 473, 121–141 (2019)
Barenco, A., Ekert, A., Suominen, K.A., Torma, P.: Approximate quantum Fourier transform and decoherence. Phys. Rev. A 54(1), 139 (1996)
Nielsen, M.A., Chuang, I.L.: Quantum Computation and Quantum Information. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2000)
Li, H.S., Fan, P., Xia, H., Song, S., He, X.: The quantum fourier transform based on quantum vision representation. Quantum Inf. Process. 17(12), 333 (2018)
Biamonte, J., Wittek, P., Pancotti, N., Rebentrost, P., Wiebe, N., Lloyd, S.: Quantum machine learning. Nature 549, 95–202 (2017)
Li, Y., Zhou, R.G., Xu, R., Luo, J., iang, S.X.: A quantum mechanics-based framework for EEG signal feature extraction and classification. IEEE Trans. Emerg. Top. Com. to be published, [Online]. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9112355
Li, Y., Zhou, R.G., Xu, R., Luo, J., Hu, W.: A quantum deep convolutional neural network for image recognition. Quantum Sci. Tech. 5, 044003 (2020)
Hoyer, P.: Efficient quantum transforms. arXiv preprint arXiv:quant-ph/9702028
Fijany, A., Williams, C.P.: Quantum wavelet transforms: fast algorithms and complete circuits. Lect. Not. Comput. Sci. 1509, 10–33 (1998)
Terraneo, M., Shepelyansky, D.L.: Imperfection effects for multiple applications of the quantum wavelet transform. Phys. Rev. lett. 90(25), 257902 (2003)
Li, H.S., Fan, P., Xia, H., Song, S.: Quantum multi-level wavelet transforms. Inf. Sci. 504, 113–135 (2019)
Li, H.S., Fan, P., Peng, H., Song, S., Long, G. L.: Multilevel 2-d quantum wavelet transforms. IEEE Trans. Cybern. Jan 1 2021. [Online]. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9337176
Zhang, Y., Lu, K., Gao, Y.: Qsobel: A Novel Quantum Image Edge Extraction Algorithm. Sci. China Inf. Sci. 58(1), 1–13 (2015)
Yao, X.W., Wang, H., Liao, Z., Chen, M.C., Suter, D.: Quantum image processing and its application to edge detection: theory and experiment. Phys. Rev. x 7(3), 031041 (2017)
Le, P.Q., Iliyasu, A.M., Dong, F., Hirota, K.: Fast geometric transformations on quantum images. Int. J. Appl. Math. 40(3), 113–123 (2010)
Le, P.Q., Iliyasu, A.M., Dong, F., Hirota, K.: Strategies for designing geometric transformations on quantum images. Theor. Comput. Sci. 412(15), 1406–1418 (2011)
Iliyasu, A.M., Le, P.Q., Dong, F., Hirota, K.: Watermarking and authentication of quantum images based on restricted geometric transformations. Inf. Sci. 186(1), 126–149 (2012)
Fan, P., Zhou, R.G., Jing, N., Li, H.S.: Geometric transformations of multidimensional color images based on NASS. Inf. Sci. 340, 91–208 (2016)
Vedral, V., Barenco, A., Ekert, A.: Quantum networks for elementary arithmetic operations. Phys. Rev. A 54(1), 147–153 (1996)
Wang, J., Jiang, N., Wang, L.: Quantum image translation. Quantum Inf. Process. 14(5), 1589–1604 (2015)
Zhou, R.G., Tan, C., Ian, H.: Global and local translation designs of quantum image based on FRQI. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 56(4), 1382–1398 (2017)
Li, H.S., Fan, P., Xia, H., Peng, H., Long, G.L.: Efficient quantum arithmetic operation circuits for quantum image processing. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 63(8), 280311 (2020)
Hung, W.N., Song, X., Yang, G., Yang, J., Perkowski, M.: Optimal synthesis of multiple output Boolean functions using a set of quantum gates by symbolic reachability analysis. IEEE. Trans. Comput.-Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst. 25(9), 1652–1663 (2006)
Barenco, A., Bennett, C.H., Cleve, R., DiVincenzo, D.P., Margolus, N., Shor, P., Sleator, T., Smolin, J.A., Weinfurter, H.: Elementary gates for quantum computation. Phys. Rev. A 52, 3457–3467 (1995)
Li, H.S., Fan, P., Xia, H.Y., Song, S., He, X.: The multi-level and multi-dimensional quantum wavelet packet transforms. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 13884 (2018)
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61763014, 62062035, 61762012, and 61762039, the Science and Technology Project of Guangxi under Grant No. 2020GXNSFDA238023, the Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Jiangxi Province under Grant No. GJJ190297.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fan, P., Hou, M., Yin, A. et al. The linear cyclic translation and two-point swapping transformations for quantum images. Quantum Inf Process 20, 104 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-021-03044-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-021-03044-w