Abstract
I studied the distribution of changes in journal impact factors (JIF) between 1998 and 2007 according to an empirical beta law with two exponents. Changes in JIFs (CJIF) were calculated as the quotient obtained by dividing the JIF for a given year by the JIF for the preceding year. The CJIFs showed good fit to a beta function with two exponents. In addition, I studied the distribution of the changes in segments of the CJIF rank order. The distributions, which were similar from year to year, could be fitted to a Lorentzian function. The methods used here can be useful to understand the changes in JIFs using relatively simple functions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Althouse, B. M., West, J. D., Bergstrom, C. T., & Bergstrom, T. (2009). Differences in impact factor across fields and over time. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 60, 27–34.
Andrade, A., González-Jonte, R., & Campanario, J. M. (2009). Journals that increase their impact factor at least fourfold in a few years: The role of journal self-citations. Scientometrics, 80, 515–528.
Bensman, S. J. (2008). Distributional differences of the impact factor in the sciences versus the social sciences: An analysis of the probabilistic structure of the 2005 journal citation reports. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 59, 1366–1382.
Campanario, J. M., & Molina, A. (2009). Surviving bad times: The role of citations, self-citations and numbers of citable items in recovery of the journal impact factor after at least four years of continuous decreases. Scientometrics. doi:10.1007/s11192-008-2257-7
Epstein, D. (2007). Impact factor manipulation. The Write Stuff, 16, 133–134.
Falagas, M. E., & Alexiou, V. G. (2008). The top-ten in journal impact factor manipulation. Archivum Immunologiae et therapiae Experimentalis, 56, 1–4.
Falagas, M. E., & Zouglakis, G. M. (2006). Trends in the impact factor of scientific journals. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 81, 1400–1402.
Frandsen, T. F. (2007). Journal self-citations-analysing the JIF mechanism. Journal of Informetrics, 1, 47–58.
Glänzel, W., & Moed, H. F. (2002). Journal impact measures in bibliometric research. Scientometrics, 53, 171–193.
Golubic, R., Rudes, M., Kovacic, N., Marusic, M., & Marusic, A. (2008). Calculating impact factor: How bibliographical classification of journal items affects the impact factor of large and small journals. Science and Engineering Ethics, 14, 41–49.
Lavalette, D. (1996). Facteur d’impact: impartialité ou impuissance? Report, INSERM U350, Institut Curie-Recherche, Bât. 112, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay (France).
Mansilla, R., Köppen, E., Cocho, G., & Miramontes, P. (2007). On the behavior of journal impact factor rank-order distribution. Journal of Informetrics, 1, 155–160.
Moed, H. F., & Van Leeuwen, T. N. (1995). Improving the accuracy of Institute for Scientific Information’s journal impact factors. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 46, 461–467.
Oreopoulos, D. G. (2000). Editor’s report 1999: Record high impact factor puts PDI in elite group. Peritoneal Dialysis International, 20, 5–6.
Popescu, I. (2003). On a Zipfs law extension to impact factors. Glottometrics, 6, 83–93.
Rossner, M., Van Epps, H., & Hill, E. (2007). Show me the data. Journal of Cell Biology, 179, 1091–1092.
Sorelle, R. (2001). Circulation impact factor is highest ever. Circulation, 104, 1450.
Urti, A. (2003). Editorial. The new impact factor (1.84) and other recent developments in the European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18, 1.
Van Diest, P. J., Holzel, H., Burnett, D., & Crocker, J. (1999). Impactitis: New cures for an old disease. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 54, 817–819.
Walter, G., Bloch, S., Hunt, G., & Fisher, K. (2003). Counting on citations: A flawed way to measure quality. Medical Journal of Australia, 178, 280–283.
Yu, G., & Wang, L. (2007). The self-cited rate of scientific journals and the manipulation of their impact factors. Scientometrics, 73, 321–330.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology (Dirección General de Investigación) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF/FEDER, project SEJ2007-66236/SOCI). I thank K. Shashok for improving the use of English in the manuscript and for suggestions about the content, professors Miramontes, Lavalette y Popescu for their suggestions and for sending me interesting papers and resources and two anonymous referees for their advice.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Campanario, J.M. Distribution of changes in impact factors over time. Scientometrics 84, 35–42 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0094-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0094-y