Abstract
Women’s contributions to the medical field have increased substantially over the past 4 decades but women remain underrepresented. Since research productivity is an important criterion for promotion, it was essential to assess the gender differences within the faculty of medicine and across departments. We conducted a bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database between 2009 and 2018 at the American University of Beirut (N = 324, 93 women, 231 men). Women comprised 29% of the faculty. The rank of Professor was held by 34% of men and 18% of women (p < 0.0001). Mean number of publications was 30.12 for males compared to 20.77 for females (p = 0.007). Men were more often last authors (p < 0.0001) and corresponding authors (p < 0.01). In the MD subcategory (N = 282), the gender difference in number of publications, H-index, and total citations was not significant. Women MDs were underrepresented as last authors (p < 0.0001). Among PhD faculty (N = 42), males had greater H-Indices (p = 0.02) and were more often last and corresponding authors. After adjusting for the year of appointment: the gender differences in corresponding and last authorship lost statistical significance among MDs but not among PhDs where it became more pronounced. In conclusion, women in the faculty of medicine were underrepresented in most departments, senior ranks and senior research authorships; H-indices generally did not differ, which was partially explained by the later year of appointment among females. In a developing country, greater family responsibilities especially early in their careers, may put women at a disadvantage in research productivity.
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Data are available online through the Scopus platform. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data collection and analysis were performed by Mrs. Sally Naalbadian, Dr. Hani Tamim and Ms. Maha Makki. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Dr. Elza Rachid, Dr. Tania Noureddine, and Ms. Sally Naalbandian. Reviewing and editing were performed by Dr. Christiane Al-Haddad and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Rachid, E., Noureddine, T., Tamim, H. et al. Gender disparity in research productivity across departments in the faculty of medicine: a bibliometric analysis. Scientometrics 126, 4715–4731 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-021-03953-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-021-03953-8