Abstract
Voice over IP applications require a playout buffer at the receiver side to smooth network delay variations. Unfortunately, existing algorithms for dynamic playout adjustment designed for wireline networks do not operate correctly in wireless ad hoc networks. These algorithms estimate the end-to-end delay on the set of previous received audio packets. Indeed, such a delay estimation based on past history is not appropriate due to mobility which leads to random changes of the network topology. In this paper, we highlight this delay estimation problem. We show that route request AODV control messages provide more accurate delay estimation. Then, we propose a new algorithm for playout delay adjustment based on these control messages. The performance evaluation is performed by simulation using ns-2. We show that this algorithm outperforms existing playout delay adjustment algorithms. Performance criteria are loss late percentage (reliability criterion), averaged playout delay (interactivity criterion) and playout delay variation (stability criterion).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. Agrawal, J. Chen and C. Sreenan, Use of statistical methods to reduce delays for media playback buffering, in: Internat. Conf. on Multimedia Computing and Systems (1998) pp. 259–263.
M. Benaissa, V. Lecuire, F. Lepage and A. Schaff, Analysing end-to-end delay and loss in mobile ad hoc networks for interactive audio applications, in: Workshop on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing MADNET’2003 (2003) pp. 27–33.
C. Boutremans and J.Y. Le Boudec, Adaptive joint playout buffer and fec adjustment for Internet telephony, in: Proc. of IEEE INFOCOM’2003, San-Francisco, CA (2003).
D. Clark, S. Shenker and L. Zhang, Supporting real-time applications in an integrated services packet network architecture and mechanism, in: SIGCOMM’92 (1992) pp. 14–26.
K. Fujimoto, S. Ata and M. Murata, Adaptive playout buffer algorithm for enhancing perceived quality of streaming applications, in: IEEE GLOBECOM (2002).
M. Greis, Tutorial for the network simulator ns-2, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/tutorial/ (2001).
ISI, The network simulator ns, //www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ (2001).
ISO/IEC, IEEE, standard for wireless medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications, 8802-11:1999(E) (1999).
ITU-T, List of ITU-T recommendations, http://www.itu.int/publications/itu-t/itutrec.htm (2001).
P. Jaquet, P. Muhletaler, A. Quayyum, A. Laouiti, T. Clausen, L. Viennot and P. Minet, Optimized link state routing protocol, Internet Engineering Task Force, Internet Draft draft-ietf-manet-olsr-06.tx (2002).
P. Jaquet and L. Viennot, Overhead in mobile ad hoc network protocols, Technical Report, INRIA (2000).
A. Kansal and A. Karandikar, Adaptive delay estimation for low jitter audio over Internet, in: Proc. of IEEE GLOBECOM, San Antonio, USA (2001) pp. 17–18.
N. Kitawaki and K. Itoh, Pure delay effects on speech quality in telecommunications, IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Communications 9 (1991) 586–593.
S.-J. Lee, E.M. Royer and C.E. Perkins, Scalability study of the ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol, International Journal of Network Management 13(2) (2003) 97–114.
P.D. Leon and C. Sreenan, An adaptive predictor for media playout buffering, in: Proc. of IEEE Internat. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP) (1999) pp. 3097–3100.
Y. Liang, N. Farber and B. Girod, Adaptive playout scheduling and loss concealment for voice communications over IP networks, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (2001).
S. Moon, J. Kurose and D. Towsley, Packet audio playout delay adjustment: Performance bounds and algorithms, Multimedia Systems 6 (1998) 17–28.
C. Perkins, Ad Hoc Networking (Addison-Wesley/Longman, 2001).
C.E. Perkins and E.M. Royer, Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing, in: Proc. of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, New Orleans, LA (1999) pp. 90–100.
J. Pinto and K. Christensen, An algorithm for playout of packet voice based on adaptive adjustment of talkspurt silence periods, in: Proc. of the IEEE 24th Conf. on Local Computer Networks (1999) pp. 224–231.
R. Ramjee, J. Kurose, D. Towsley and H. Schulzrinne, Adaptive playout mechanisms for packetized audio applications in wide-area networks, in: Proc. of the IEEE INFOCOM (1994) pp. 680–688.
V. Ramos, C. Barakat and E. Altman, A moving average predictor for playout delay control in voip, Technical Report, Nice–Sophia Antipolis University, Mistral and Planète research team, INRIA (2003).
C. Sreenan, J. Chen, P. Agrawal and B. Narendran, Delay reduction techniques for playout buffering, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2(2) (2000) 88–100.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Benaissa, M., Lecuire, V., Lepage, F. et al. Efficient De-Jitter Control for Voice Applications over Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. Telecommun Syst 28, 211–230 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-004-5017-x
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-004-5017-x