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Dynamic Frequency-Band Reallocation and Allocation: from Satellite-Based Communication Systems to Cognitive Radios

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Abstract

This paper discusses two approaches for the baseband processing part of cognitive radios. These approaches can be used depending on the availability of (i) a composite signal comprising several user signals or, (ii) the individual user signals. The aim is to introduce solutions which can support different bandwidths and center frequencies for a large set of users and at the cost of simple modifications on the same hardware platform. Such structures have previously been used for satellite-based communication systems and the paper aims to outline their possible applications in the context of cognitive radios. For this purpose, dynamic frequencyband allocation (DFBA) and reallocation (DFBR) structures based on multirate building blocks are introduced and their reconfigurability issues with respect to the required reconfigurability measures in cognitive radios are discussed.

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Notes

  1. The underlay spectrum sharing, also referred to as ultra wideband [2], exploits spread spectrum techniques and users transmit at certain portions of spectrum which are regarded as noise by the licensed users [3]. This scenario is not the focus of this paper.

  2. Here, a centralized entity, i.e., the DFBR network in this case, controls the spectrum allocation and access. However, the distributed (ad hoc) cognitive networks do not have an infrastructure.

  3. Non-cooperative networks do not share the interference measurements of each node (user) with the others resulting in less spectrum utilization and less communication requirements between nodes.

  4. The frequency slot depends on spatial and temporal parameters such as the number of slots available, user movement, and activity of primary users, etc. [5] but the operation of the DFBR network is independent of these parameters.

  5. The system in [18] uses the same architecture as [13] except that it has infinite-length impulse response (IIR) filters.

  6. Here, the analytic representation [35] of the real input signal must be processed by the complex DFBR network and the frequency multiplexed result should then be converted to a real signal for retransmission.

  7. The DFBR network in Fig. 7 has complex multipliers α k , β k , γ k and, hence, it is a complex system by nature. However, real (complex) DFBR refers to two variants of Fig. 7 having real (complex) input/output signals. In other words, the complex multipliers are present in both the real and complex DFBRs.

  8. As discussed before, a multiplexing bandwidth can contain a user bandwidth and some extra guardband.

  9. The Farrow structure is composed of a set of fixed linear-phase filters and variable multipliers and it performs arbitrary rational SRC [50–52].

  10. An integer SRC variant of the TMUX in [28] is proposed in [27]. However, it can be considered as a subclass of the TMUX discussed in this paper.

  11. If the multiplexing bandwidth is limited to be a power-of-two of a GB, the same idea can be utilized but the amount of extra guardband would be larger.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Electronics Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

    Amir Eghbali, Håkan Johansson & Per Löwenborg

  2. Digital Signal Processing Group (DISPO), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany

    Heinz G. Göckler

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  1. Amir Eghbali
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  2. Håkan Johansson
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  3. Per Löwenborg
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  4. Heinz G. Göckler
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Correspondence to Amir Eghbali.

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Eghbali, A., Johansson, H., Löwenborg, P. et al. Dynamic Frequency-Band Reallocation and Allocation: from Satellite-Based Communication Systems to Cognitive Radios. J Sign Process Syst 62, 187–203 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11265-009-0348-1

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