Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Algorithmic Exploration and Implementation of a MIMO-OFDM Equalizer

  • Published:
Journal of Signal Processing Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper we explore algorithms and architectures for the implementation of a MIMO OFDM Equalizer for high speed wireless communications. The algorithmic exploration is based on matrix computations and factorizations. A scalable computational methodology and architecture is proposed for the implementation of a 4×4 MIMO OFDM. A 2×3 Equalizer supporting Maximum Ratio Combining and Zero Forcing equalization for 20/40 MHz 64-QAM OFDM modulation has been implemented in 150 nm technology. The Equalizer area is 133k gates and the maximum throughput achieved is 480Mbits/s. The system described in this paper is compliant with the latest IEEE standard for MIMO wireless communications (802.11n)

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Golub, V. L. (1996). Matrix computations. Baltimore: John Hopkins.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Walther, J. S. (1971). A unified algorithm for elementary functions. In Spring joint computer conf (pp. 379–385).

  3. Paulaj, et al. (2003). Introduction to space-time wireless communications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Hassibi, B., & Vikalo, H. (2003). Maximum-likelihood decoding and integer least-squares: The expected complexity. Providence: American Mathematical Society.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Heiskala, J., et al. (2001). OFDM wireless LANs: A theoretical and practical guide.

  6. Paulraj, A. J., et al. (2004). An overview of MIMO communications—a key to gigabit wireless. Proceedings of the IEEE 92(2), 198–218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Zheng, L., & Tse, D. (2003). Diversity and multiplexing: A fundamental tradeoff in multiple-antenna channels. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 49(5), 1073–1096.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Tarokh, V., et al. (1998). Space-time codes for high data rate wireless communication: Performance criterion and code construction. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 44(2), 744–765.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Wolniasky, P. W., et al. (1998). V-BLAST: An architecture for realizing very high data rates over the rich-scattering wireless channel. In Proc. URSI ISSSE (pp. 295–300).

  10. Artes, H., et al. (2003). Efficient detection algorithms for MIMO channels: A geometrical approach to approximate ML detection. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 51(11).

  11. Tse, D., & Viswanath, P. (2005). Fundamentals of wireless communications.

  12. Press, W., et al. (1988). Numerical recipes in C. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Trefethen, L., & Bau, D. (1997). Numerical linear algebra. Philadelphia: SIAM.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Rader, C. M. (1996). VLSI systolic arrays for adaptive nulling. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.

  15. Burg, A., Felber, N., & Fichter, W. (2003). A 50 Mbps 4×4 maximum likelihood decoder for multiple-input multiple-output systems with QPSK modulation. In Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Electr., Circuits, Syst. (Vol. 1, pp. 332–335).

  16. Wong, K., Tsui, C., Cheng, R., & Mow, W. (2002). A VLSI architecture of a K-best lattice decoding algorithm for MIMO channels. In Proc. IEEE ISCAS’02 (Vol. 3, pp. 273–276).

  17. Guo, Z., & Nilsson, P. (2003). A VLSI implementation of MIMO detection for future wireless communications. In Proc. IEEE PIMRC’03 (Vol. 3, pp. 2852–2856).

  18. Garrett, D., Woodward, G., Davis, L., Knagge, G., & Nicol, C. (2004). A 28.8 Mb/s 4×4 MIMO 3G high-speed downlink packet access receiver with normalized least mean square equalization. In Proc. IEEE ISSCC’04 (Vol. 1, p. 420).

  19. Hu, Y. H. (1992). CORDIC based VLSI-architectures for digital signal processing. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 16–35.

  20. Proakis, J. (2000). Digital communications. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Gore, D., Sandhu, S., & Paulraj, A. (2002). Delay diversity codes for frequency selective channels. In Proceedings of IEEE international conference on communications.

  22. Bingham, J. (1990). Multicarrier modulation for data transmission: An idea whose time has come. IEEE Communications Magazine, 28(5), 5–14.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  23. Burg, A., et al. (2006). Algorithm and VLSI architecture for linear MMSE detection in MIMO-OFDM systems. In IEEE symbosium on circuits and systems, 2006. ISCAS 2006 (pp. 4–8).

  24. Luethi, P., et al. (2008). Gram-Schmidt-based QR decomposition for MIMO detection: VLSI implementation and comparison. In IEEE Asia Pacific conference on circuits and systems, 2008. APCCAS 2008 (pp. 830–833).

  25. Luethi, P., et al. (2007). VLSI implementation of a high-speed iterative sorted MMSE QR decomposition. In Proc. of IEEE ISCAS (pp. 1421–1424).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 5488 Marvell Ln, Santa Clara, CA, 95054, USA

    Konstantinos Sarrigeorgidis & Yong Ma

Authors
  1. Konstantinos Sarrigeorgidis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yong Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Konstantinos Sarrigeorgidis.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sarrigeorgidis, K., Ma, Y. Algorithmic Exploration and Implementation of a MIMO-OFDM Equalizer. J Sign Process Syst 61, 141–156 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11265-009-0411-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11265-009-0411-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation