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Three-dimensional Positioning in 3GPP Wireless Networks with Small Cells with Barometric Pressure Sensor

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Abstract

The US federal communications commission announced new location accuracy requirements for emergency calls. To examine these requirements, we first establish a 3GPP system-level simulator and calibrate its performance for radio access technology-dependent techniques. After considering the 3D channel model, we test and conclude that existing technologies fail to satisfy the indoor vertical accuracy requirement. Therefore, we propose a two-step least-square estimator that adopts a barometric pressure sensor (BPS) to measure the altitude above sea level. The use of BPS improves accuracy for both vertical and horizontal aspects. The positioning performance of both outdoor and indoor user equipment (UE) is simulated, and the results demonstrate that 67% of UE can be localized within 18-m horizontal and 3-m vertical accuracy with 10 small cells. The improved vertical accuracy obtained by the proposed method can be beneficial to UAV communication.

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Acknowledgments

This work was mainly supported by the University System of Taipei Joint Research Program under Grant USTP-NTUT-NTPU-104-01 and USTP-NTUT-NTPU-105-02. This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan under Grant 107-2221-E- 027-040-MY2 and 109-2221-E-027-089-, and the Technological University Paradigms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Communication Engineering, National Taipei University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Shin-Lin Shieh

  2. Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology (NTUT), Taipei, Taiwan

    Chih-Hao Tang & Po-Hsuan Tseng

  3. Askey Computer Corp, Zhonghe, New Taipei City, Taiwan

    Chih-Hao Tang

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  1. Shin-Lin Shieh
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  2. Chih-Hao Tang
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  3. Po-Hsuan Tseng
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Correspondence to Po-Hsuan Tseng.

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Shieh, SL., Tang, CH. & Tseng, PH. Three-dimensional Positioning in 3GPP Wireless Networks with Small Cells with Barometric Pressure Sensor. J Sign Process Syst 92, 1407–1420 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11265-020-01566-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11265-020-01566-7

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