Skip to main content
Log in

NEST: novel eMBMS scheduling technique

  • Published:
Wireless Networks Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In order to meet the growing demand for mobile multimedia broadcast services 3GPP includes evolved multimedia broadcast and multicast (eMBMS) services in LTE systems. The high data rates, low latency and QoS provisioning makes LTE systems more suitable for mobile broadcast and multicast services than legacy wireless networks. However, the 3GPP standards has not specified any scheduling strategy for this broadcast and multicast services. In this paper, we propose a novel eMBMS scheduling technique (NEST) which focuses on reducing the average waiting time (latency) of the broadcast services offered by LTE system. This paper has twofold contributions. We proffer NEST considering two types of impatience that is user equipment (UE) departure and UE request repetition. Our proposed scheduling strategy estimates the effects originating from the departure of the mobile UEs and UE request repetition case. It intelligently combines the advantages of both flat scheduling and on-demand scheduling in such a way that the overall latency of the system is reduced. We design a suitable modeling framework to analyze the performance of the system. Simulation experiments on typical LTE systems support the performance analysis and demonstrates 10 % gains while comparing with existing eMBMS scheduling available in present LTE systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) and evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN): Overall description; Stage 2. In 3GPP TS 36.300.

  2. Multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS); protocols and codecs. In 3GPP TS 26.346.

  3. Improvement of the multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) in UTRAN. In 3GPP TR 25.905.

  4. Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA); LTE physical layer; General description. In 3GPP TS 36.201.

  5. Dahlman, E., Parkvall, S., & Skold, J. (2013). 4G: LTE/LTE-advanced for mobile broadband. London: Academic press.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Gross, D., & Harris, C. M. (2008). Fundamentals of queuing theory. London: Wiley.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  7. LTE; evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA); radio resource control (RRC); protocol specification. In 3GPP TS 36.331.

  8. Lescuyer, P., & Lucidarme, T. (2008). Evolved packet system (EPS)—The LTE and SAE evolution of 3G UMTS. London: Wiley.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  9. Saxena, N., & Roy, A. (2008). Data scheduling and transmission strategies in asymmetric telecommunication environments. London: CRC Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  10. Nonchev, S., & Valkama, M. (2009). A new fairness oriented packet scheduling scheme with reduced channel feedback for OFDMA packet radio systems. International Journal of Communications, Networks and Systems Sciences, 2(7), 608–618.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Ramli, H. A. M., Basukala, R., Sandrasegaran, K., & Patachaianand, R. (2009). Performance of well known packet scheduling algorithms in the downlink 3GPP LTE systems. In IEEE MICC, Kuala Lumpur (pp. 815–820).

  12. Iosif, O., & Banica, I. (2011). On the analysis of packet scheduling in downlink 3GPP LTE system. In The fourth international conference on communication theory, reliability and quality of service, Budapast, Hungary (pp. 99–102).

  13. Lecompte, D., & Gabin, F. (2012). Evolved multimedia broadcast/multicast service (eMBMS) in LTE-advanced: Overview and Rel-11 enhancements. IEEE Communications Magazine, 50(11), 68–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Rahman, M. M., Hsu C.-H., Hasib, A., & Hefeeda, M. (2014). Hybrid multicast-unicast streaming over mobile networks. In Networking conference, IFIP, Trondhein (pp. 1–9).

  15. Fuente, A. de la, Garcia Armada, A., & Leal, R. P. (2014). Joint multicast/unicast scheduling with dynamic optimization for LTE multicast service. In European wireless conference, Barcelona, Spain (pp. 1–6).

  16. Araniti, G., Condoluci, M., Militano, L., & Iera, A. (2013). Adaptive resource allocation to multicast services in LTE systems. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 59(4), 658–664.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Tassi, A., Khirallah, C., Vukobratovi, D., Chiti, F., Thompson, J., & Romano F. (2013). Reliable rate-optimized video multicasting services over LTE/LTE-A. In ICC, Budapast, Hungary (pp. 5078–5082).

  18. Condoluci, M., Araniti, G., Molinaro, A., & Lera, A. (2013). Exploiting frequency-selectivity in real-time multicast services over LTE networks. In PIMRC, London, UK (pp. 1794–1798).

  19. Acharya, S., & Muthukrishnan, S. (1998). Scheduling on-demand broadcasts: New metrics and algorithms. In MobiCom, Dallas, TX (pp. 43–54).

  20. Brandwain, A. (1979). An iterative solution of two-dimensional birth and death processes. Operations Research, 27(3), 595–605.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. OPNET Modeler and LTE modeling. In OPNET. http://www.opnet.com.

  22. Jiang, S., & Vaidya, N. H. (1999). Scheduling data broadcast to ’impatient’ users”. In ACM international workshop on mobile data engineering, Seattle, USA (pp. 52–59).

  23. Sachan, R., Saxena, N., & Roy, A. (2013). An efficient hybrid scheduling scheme for impatience user in embms over LTE. In International Conference on Computer communication and informatics (ICCCI), India (pp. 1–5).

  24. Karimi, O. B., & Liu, J. (2011). Power efficient high quality multimedia multicast in LTE wireless networks. In IEEE 8th international conference on mobile adhoc and sensor systems (MASS), Valencia (pp. 161–163).

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the ministry of Education (S-2015-0849-000).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Navrati Saxena.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Saxena, N., Singh, S., Roy, A. et al. NEST: novel eMBMS scheduling technique. Wireless Netw 22, 1837–1850 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-015-1067-0

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-015-1067-0

Keywords

Navigation