Skip to main content
Log in

A social overlay-based forwarding scheme for mobile social networks

  • Published:
Wireless Networks Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In mobile social networks, forwarding is a challenging problem since there may be no end-to-end paths. Existing schemes using overlays are not applicable to pure mobile social networks since they use environments different from the mobile social networks. To resolve this problem, we propose a novel forwarding scheme that considers the common neighbor similarity and contact probability. In the proposed scheme, the more nodes have in common, the more likely they are to be friends, and higher contact probabilities between nodes increase the chances they will arrive at the destination. The proposed scheme constructs an overlay using two layers with the common neighbor similarity and the contact probability and forwards messages to the destinations through the overlay. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme outperforms most known forwarding schemes in terms of balancing the network traffic and transmission delay.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Rahimi, M. R., Venkatasubramanian, N., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2013). Music: Mobility-aware optimal service allocation in mobile cloud computing. In Proceedings of IEEE Sixth International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD) (pp. 75–82).

  2. Rahimi, M. R., Ren, J., Liu, C. H., Vasilakos, A. V., & Venkatasubramanian, N. (2014). Mobile cloud computing: A survey, state of art and future directions. Mobile Networks and Applications, 19(2), 133–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Feng, Z., Zhu, Y., Zhang, Q., Ni, L. M., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2014). TRAC: Truthful auction for location-aware collaborative sensing in mobile crowdsourcing. In Proceedings of INFOCOM (pp. 1231–1239).

  4. Vasilakos, A. V., Li, Z., Simon, G., & You, W. (2015). Information centric network: Research challenges and opportunities. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 52, 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Song, Y., Liu, L., Ma, H., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2014). A biology-based algorithm to minimal exposure problem of wireless sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 11(3), 417–430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Meng, T., Wu, F., Yang, Z., Chen, G., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2016). Spatial reusability-aware routing in multi-hop wireless networks. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 65(1), 244–255. doi:10.1109/TC.2015.2417543.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Youssef, M., Ibrahim, M., Abdelatif, M., Chen, L., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2014). Routing metrics of cognitive radio networks: A survey. Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 16(1), 92–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zeng, Y., Xiang, K., Li, D., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2013). Directional routing and scheduling for green vehicular delay tolerant networks. Wireless Networks, 19(2), 161–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Wang, X., Vasilakos, A. V., Chen, M., Liu, Y., & Kwon, T. T. (2012). A survey of green mobile networks: Opportunities and challenges. Mobile Networks and Applications, 17(1), 4–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Liu, Y., Xiong, N., Zhao, Y., Vasilakos, A. V., Gao, J., & Jia, Y. (2010). Multi-layer clustering routing algorithm for wireless vehicular sensor networks. IET Communications, 4(7), 810–816.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Zhou, L., Naixue, X., Shu, L., Vasilakos, A. V., & Yeo, S. S. (2010). Context-aware middleware for multimedia services in heterogeneous networks. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 25(2), 40–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Yang, M., Li, Y., Jin, D., Zeng, L., Wu, X., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2014). Software-defined and virtualized future mobile and wireless networks: A survey. Mobile Networks and Applications, 20(1), 4–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Zhang, X. M., Zhang, Y., Yan, F., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2015). Interference-based topology control algorithm for delay-constrained mobile ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 14(4), 742–754.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Yen, Y. S., Chao, H. C., Chang, R. S., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2011). Flooding-limited and multi-constrained QoS multicast routing based on the genetic algorithm for MANETs. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 53(11), 2238–2250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Spyropoulos, T., Rails, R. N., Turletty, T., Obraczka, K., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2010). Routing for disruption tolerant networks: Taxonomy and design. Wireless Networks, 16(8), 2349–2370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Vasilakos, A. V., Zhang, Y., & Spyropoulos, T. (2011). Delay tolerant networks: Protocols and applications. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Wang, Y., Vasilakos, A. V., Ma, J., & Xiong, N. (2015). On studying the impact of uncertainty on behavior diffusion in social networks. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, 45(2), 185–197.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Xia, F., Liu, L., Li, J., Ma, J., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2015). Socially aware networking: A survey. IEEE Systems Journal, 9(3), 904–921.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Wang, Y., Vasilakos, A. V., & Ma, J. (2015). VPEF: A simple and effective incentive mechanism in community-based autonomous networks. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 12(1), 75–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Wang, Y., Vasilakos, A. V., Jin, Q., & Ma, J. (2014). Survey on mobile social networking in proximity (MSNP): Approaches, challenges and architecture. Wireless Networks, 20(6), 1295–1311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Nguyen, H. A., & Silvia, G. (2009). Routing in opportunistic networks. International Journal of Ambient Computing and Intelligence, 1(3), 19–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Conti, M., Giordano, S., May, M., & Passarella, A. (2010). From opportunistic networks to opportunistic computing networks. IEEE Communication Magazine, 48(9), 126–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Hui, P., Chaintreau, A., Scott, J., Gass, R., Crowcroft, J, & Diot, C. (2005). Pocket switched networks and human mobility in conference environments. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Delay-Tolerant Networking (pp. 244–251).

  24. Jin, L., Chen, Y., Wang, T., Hui, P., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2013). Understanding user behavior in online social networks: A survey. Communications Magazine, 51(9), 144–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Lindgren, A., & Doria, A. (2007). Experiences from deploying a reallife DTN system. In Proceedings of IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (pp. 217–221).

  26. The Zebranet wildlife tracker. http://www.princeton.edu/mrm/zebranet.html.

  27. Small, T., & Haas, Z. J. (2003). The shared wireless infestation model: A new ad hoc networking paradigm (or where there is a whale, there is a way). In Proceedings of MobiHoc (pp. 234–244).

  28. N4C Project. http://wiki.n4c.eu/wiki/index.php/DTN_Applications-Overview.

  29. TIRE application. http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~jac22/talks/sta/dtn-history.pdf.

  30. Busch, C., Kannan, R., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2012). Approximating congestion + dilation in networks via” quality of routing games. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 61(9), 1270–1283. Quality of service related work.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  31. Li, Z., & Mohapatra, P. (2004). QRON: QoS-aware routing in overlay networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 22(1), 29–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Braynard, R., Kostic, D., Rodriguez, A., Chase, J., & Vahdat A. (2002). Opus: An overlay peer utility service. In Proceedings of IEEE OpenArch (pp. 167–178).

  33. Boldrini, C., & Passarella, A. (2010). HCMM: Modelling spatial and temporal properties of human mobility driven by users’ social relationships. Computer Communications, 33(9), 1056–1074.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Wang, Di., Tao, Z., Zhang, J., & Abouzeid, A. A. (2010). RPL based routing for advanced metering infrastructure in smart grid. In Proceedings of international conference on communications workshops (pp. 1–6).

  35. Vahdat, A., & Becker, D. (2000). Epidemic routing for partially-connected ad hoc networks. Technical Report CS-2000-06, Duke University.

  36. Spyropoulos, T., Psounis, K., & Raghavendra, C. (2005). Spray and wait: An efficient routing scheme for intermittently connected mobile networks. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM (pp. 252–259).

  37. Li, P., Guo, S., Yu, S., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2014). Reliable multicast with pipelined network coding using opportunistic feeding and routing. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 25(12), 3264–3273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Li, P., Guo, S., Yu, S., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2012). CodePipe: An opportunistic feeding and routing protocol for reliable multicast with pipelined network coding. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM (pp. 100–108).

  39. Dvir, A., & Vasilakos, A. V. (2011). Backpressure-based routing protocol for DTNs. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM (pp. 405–406).

  40. Wu, J., Xiao, M., & Huang, L. (2013). Homing spread: Community home-based multi-copy routing in mobile social networks. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM (pp. 138–146).

  41. Kim, S., Choi, J., & Yang, S. (2015). Hotspot: Location-based forwarding scheme in an opportunistic network. Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Network, 26(1–4), 151–170.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Daly, E., & Haahr, M. (2007). Social network analysis for routing in disconnected delay-tolerant MANETs. In Proceedings of ACM MobiHoc (pp. 32–40).

  43. Hui, P., Crowcroft, J., & Yoneki, E. (2008). Bubble rap: Social-based forwarding in delay tolerant networks. IEEE Transaction on Mobile Computing, 10(11), 1576–1589.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Mei, A., Morabitto, G., Santi, P., Stefa, J. (2011). Social-aware stateless forwarding in pocket switched networks. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM (pp. 251–255).

  45. Hui, P., & Crowcroft, J. (2007). How small labels create big improvements. In Proceedings of pervasive computing and communications workshops (pp. 244–251).

  46. Boldrini, C., Conti, M., & Passarella, A. (2008). Exploiting users’ social relations to forward data in opportunistic networks: The HiBop solution. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 4(5), 633–657.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Lindgren, A., Doria, A., & Schelen, O. (2004). Probabilistic routing in intermittently connected networks. In Service assurance with partial and intermittent resources, 3126 (LNCS) (pp. 239–254).

  48. Mtibaa, A., May, M., Diot, C., & Ammar, M. (2010). PeopleRank: Social opportunistic forwarding. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM (pp. 1–5).

  49. Leguay, J., Friedman, T., & Conan, V. (2007). Evaluating MobySpace based routing strategies in delay tolerant networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 7(10), 1171–1182.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Li, F., Zhao, L., Zhang, C., Gao, Z., & Wang, Y. (2014). Routing with multi-level cross-community social groups in mobile opportunistic networks. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 18(2), 385–396.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Yoneki, E., Hui, P., Chan, S., & Crowcroft, J. (2007). A socio-aware overlay for publish/subscribe communication in delay tolerant networks. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM Symposium on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems (MSWiM) (pp. 225–234).

  52. Newman, M. E. J. (2001). Clustering and preferential attachment in growing networks. Physical Review Letters E, 64, 025102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Network simulator-2. http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/.

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2013R1A1A2011114).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sung-Bong Yang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kim, SK., Lee, J. & Yang, SB. A social overlay-based forwarding scheme for mobile social networks. Wireless Netw 22, 2439–2451 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-015-1162-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-015-1162-2

Keywords

Navigation