Abstract
This paper analyzes the performance of quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system in cooperative decode and forward (DF) networks over correlated and imperfect \(\eta \)–\(\mu \) fading channels. QSM is a recently proposed propitious MIMO technique that promises significant advantages over conventional MIMO schemes including high spectral efficiency with single RF-chain transmitter and very low receiver complexity. In this study, DF cooperative communication system adopting QSM technique is presented and throughly analyzed. Single or multiple DF relays are placed between the source and the destination to cooperate in the transmission process. Only the relays that decode the signal correctly will participate in the retransmission process. The end to end performance of the considered system is analyzed over correlated and imperfect \(\eta \)–\(\mu \) fading channels. The \(\eta \)–\(\mu \) channel is a general fading distribution that includes some other well-known channels, such as Rayleigh and Nakagami-m, as spacial cases. Monte Carlo simulation results are presented to corroborate the accuracy of the conducted analysis. The impact of spatial correlation, imperfect channel estimation and the fading parameters \(\eta \) and \(\mu \) on the overall performance is investigated and exhaustively discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wang, C. X., Haider, F., Gao, X., You, X. H., Yang, Y., Yuan, D., et al. (2014). Cellular architecture and key technologies for 5G wireless communication networks. IEEE Communications Magazine, 52(2), 122–130.
Mesleh, R., Ikki, S. S., & Aggoune, H. M. (2015). Quadrature spatial modulation. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 64(6), 2738–2742.
Mesleh, R. Y., Haas, H., Sinanovic, S., Ahn, C. W., & Yun, S. (2008). Spatial modulation. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 57(4), 2228–2241.
Yigit, Z., & Basar, E. (2016). Low-complexity detection of quadrature spatial modulation. Electronics Letters, 52(20), 1729–1731.
Xiao, L., Yang, P., Fan, S., Li, S., Song, L., & Xiao, Y. (2016). Low-complexity signal detection for large-scale quadrature spatial modulation systems. IEEE Communications Letters, 20(11), 2173–2176.
Afana, A., Mahady, I. A., & Ikki, S. (2016). Quadrature spatial modulation in MIMO cognitive radio systems with imperfect channel estimation and limited feedback. IEEE Transactions on Communications.
Mesleh, R., Ikki, S. S., & Badarneh, O. S. (2016). Impact of cochannel interference on the performance of quadrature spatial modulation MIMO systems. IEEE Communications Letters, 20(10), 1927–1930.
Mesleh, R., & Ikki, S. S. (2015, March). On the impact of imperfect channel knowledge on the performance of quadrature spatial modulation. In Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 2015 IEEE (pp. 534–538). IEEE.
Younis, A., Mesleh, R., & Haas, H. (2016). Quadrature spatial modulation performance over Nakagami-\( m \) fading channels. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 65(12), 10227–10231.
Badarneh, O. S., & Mesleh, R. (2016). A comprehensive framework for quadrature spatial modulation in generalized fading scenarios. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 64(7), 2961–2970.
Afana, A., Mesleh, R., Ikki, S., & Atawi, I. E. (2016). Performance of quadrature spatial modulation in amplify-and-forward cooperative relaying. IEEE Communications Letters, 20(2), 240–243.
Afana, A., Ikki, S., Mesleh, R., & Atawi, I. (2016). Spectral efficient quadrature spatial modulation cooperative AF spectrum-sharing systems. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.
Afana, A., Erdogan, E., & Ikki, S. (2016, December). Quadrature spatial modulation for cooperative MIMO 5G wireless networks. In Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2016 IEEE (pp. 1–5). IEEE.
Yacoub, M. D. (2007). The distribution and the distribution. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 49(1), 68–81.
Genc, V., Murphy, S., Yu, Y., & Murphy, J. (2008). IEEE 802.16 J relay-based wireless access networks: An overview. IEEE Wireless Communications, 15(5),
Beaulieu, N. C., & Hu, J. (2006). A closed-form expression for the outage probability of decode-and-forward relaying in dissimilar Rayleigh fading channels. IEEE Communications Letters, 10(12),
Ikki, S. S., & Ahmed, M. H. (2010). Performance analysis of adaptive decode-and-forward cooperative diversity networks with best-relay selection. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 58(1),
Kermoal, J. P., Schumacher, L., Pedersen, K. I., Mogensen, P. E., & Frederiksen, F. (2002). A stochastic MIMO radio channel model with experimental validation. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 20(6), 1211–1226.
Van Zelst, A., & Hammerschmidt, J. S. (2002). A single coefficient spatial correlation model for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radio channels. In 27th general assembly of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI), Maastricht, the Netherlands (1461–1465).
Proakis, J. G. (1995). Digital communications. New York: McGraw Hill.
Craig, J. W. (1991). A new, simple and exact result for calculating the probability of error for two-dimensional signal constellations. In Military communications conference, 1991. MILCOM’91, conference record, military communications in a changing world,. IEEE (pp. 571–575). IEEE.
Simon, M.K., & Alouini, M., (2005). Digital communication over fading channels (2nd ed.). Wiley series in telecommunications and signal processing. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-64953-3.
Turin, G. L. (1960). The characteristic function of Hermitian quadratic forms in complex normal variables. Biometrika, 47(1/2), 199–201.
Yacoub, M. D. (2007). The distribution and the distribution. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 49(1), 68–81.
Papazafeiropoulos, A. K., & Kotsopoulos, S. A. (2009, September). The joint envelope-phase fading distribution. In 2009 IEEE 20th international symposium on personal, indoor and mobile radio communications (pp. 919–922). IEEE.
Abramnowitz, M., & Stegun, I. A. (1972). Handbook of mathematical functions. Washington, DC: US Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Althunibat, S., Mesleh, R. Cooperative decode-and-forward quadrature spatial modulation over correlated and imperfect η–μ fading channels. Wireless Netw 25, 689–698 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-017-1585-z
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-017-1585-z