Skip to main content
Log in

Measurement and Statistical Analysis of the Temporal Variations of a Fixed Wireless Link at 3.5 GHz

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper presents the measurement and statistical analysis of the temporal variations of the radio channel defined by a fixed link at 3.5 GHz in suburban areas. The analysis provides the required information about the temporal stability of the channel, the probability of occurrence and depth of fades, the Doppler spectrum and, in general, the influence of the environment on the signal behaviour. In particular, the effect of fast traffic on a motorway in the neighbourhood of the receiver is investigated, obtaining some general conclusions particularly useful in wireless communication systems design.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. ETSI, “Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN); HIPERMAN, Physical (PHY) Layer”, TS 102 107 v.1.1.1, November 2003.

  2. IEEE, “Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks, Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems, Amendment 2: Medium Access Control Modifications and Additional Physical Layer Specifications for 2–11 GHz”, IEEE Std 802.16aTM -2003, April 2003.

  3. V. Erceg et al., “Channel Models for Fixed Wireless Applications”, IEEE 802.16.3c-01/29r4 Contribution, 17/7/2001.

  4. S. Thoen, L. Van der Perre, and M. Engels, “Modeling the Channel Time-Variance for Fixed Wireless Communications”, IEEE Commun. Lett., Vol. 6, No. 8, pp. 331–333, August 2002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. W. Mohr, “Radio Propagation for Local Loop Applications at 2 GHz”, Third Annual International Conference on Universal Personal Communications, pp. 119–123, September–October 1994.

  6. A. Sarajedini, P. Kelly, D. Branlund, and R. Schwartz, “802.16 Issues with Previously Proposed Channel Models for Broadband Fixed Wireless Applications”, IEEE 802.16.3c-01/26 contribution, 19/1/2001.

  7. P. Vandenameele, L. Van der Perre, and M. Engels, Space Division Multiple Access for Wireless Local Area Networks, Kluwer Academic Publishers, July 2001.

  8. D.C. Cox, “Delay Doppler Characteristics of Multipath Propagation at 910 MHz in Suburban Mobile Radio Environment”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. AP-20, No. 5, pp. 625–635, September 1972.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Final Report on RF Channel Characterization. ITU. Radiocommunication Study Group. JTC(AIR)93.09.23-238R2, 1993.

  10. H. Hashemi, M. McGuire, T. Vlasschaert, and D. Tholl, “Measurements and Modeling of Temporal Variations of the Indoor Radio Propagation Channel”, IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 733–737, August 1994.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. R.J.C. Bultitude, “Measurement, Characterization and Modeling of Indoor 800/900 MHz Radio Channels for Digital Communications”, IEEE Commun. Mag., Vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 5–12, June 1987.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. P. Marinier, G.Y. Delisle, and C.L. Despins, “Temporal Variations of the Indoor Wireless Millimeter-Wave Channel”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 928–934, June 1998.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Loredo and R.P. Torres, “Experimental Analysis of Temporal Variations in Indoor Radio Channels at 1.8 GHz”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 132–137, October 2002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. M.J. Gans, N. Amatay, Y.S. Yeh, T.C. Damen, R.A. Valenzuela, C. Cheon, and J. Lee, “Propagation Measurements for Fixed Wireless Loops (FWL) in a Suburban Region with Foliage and Terrain Blockages”, IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 302–310, April 2002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. N. Naz and D.D. Falconer, “Temporal Variations Characterization for Fixed Wireless at 29.5 GHz”, in 2000 IEEE 51st Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings, Vol. 3, pp. 2178–2182, Tokyo, May 2000.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. S.R. Saunders, Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communicaction Systems, John Wiley & Sons, LTD., England, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Agilent Product Note 89400-9, “Downconverted Measurements Using the HP 89410A and HP 89411A”.

  18. Agilent Product Note 89400-10, “Time-Capture Capabilities of the Agilent 89400 Series Vector Analyzers”.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rafael P. Torres.

Additional information

Rafael P. Torres was born in M´laga, Spain, in 1961. He received his MS degree in Physics from the University of Granada (Spain) in 1986 and his Ph.D. from the Telecommunications Engineering School at the Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM) in 1990. From 1986 to 1990 he was with the Radio Communication and Signal Processing Department of the UPM as a research assistant. During this time, he worked about numerical methods in electromagnetics, and its applications to design of passive microwave devices like radomes, circular polarizer, rotators and planar lenses. He became an associate professor in the Department of Communication Engineering of the University of Cantabria (Spain) in 1990. From this time to the present, he has participated in several projects about RCS computation, on board antennas analysis, electromagnetic compatibility, and radio-propagation. He is co-author of a book about the CG-FFT method, author of several chapters in different books, more than 20 papers, and about 80 conference contributions. He has been the leader of the group that have developed the code CINDOOR, Computer Tool for Planning and Design of Wireless Systems in Enclosed Spaces. His current research interests include radio-propagation for wireless and mobile communications, as well as the simulation and design of new wireless communications systems.

Beatriz Cobo was born in Santander, Cantabria (Spain), in October 1974. She received the M.Sc. degree in telecommunications engineering from the University of Cantabria, Spain, in 2000. During the period 2000-2004 she developed her research work in the Department of Communications Engineering in the Higher Technical School of Industrial Engineering and Telecommunications at the University of Cantabria. During the first two years she was an assistant researcher of the FEDER project “Subsystems of Radar and Radiocommunications in Maritime Traffic Services” and the last two years she worked in the project “Systems and Applications WLAN and WPAN”. At the moment she is a Ph.D. student at University of Cantabria and from October 2004 she is an assistant professor at University of Oviedo. Her areas of research include high-frequency methods, applied to the characterization of the natural scenarios where a radar can be located.

Dimas Mavares received B.S. degrees in electronic engineering from la Universidad Politécnica Antonio José de Sucre, Venezuela, in 1994, and M.S. degree in electronic engineering form la Universidad Simón Bolivar, Venezuela, in 1997. From 1997 to 2001 he worked as an instructor in la Universidad Politécnica Antonio José de Sucre. Since 2002 he has been pursuing a Ph.D. degree in Communications Engineering from the Universidad de Cantabria, Spain. His research interests include MIMO wireless communications, channel estimation, space-time coding and neural networks.

Francisco Medina was born in Santander, Cantabria (Spain), in July 1974. He received the M.Sc. degree in telecommunications engineering from the University of Cantabria, Spain, in 2002. During three months in 2002 he hold a scholarship to stay at Bordeaux (France) and to work in the company Thalès Systèmes Aéroportés. Nowadays he works as a sales engineer at the Export Department of Nexans in Maliaño, Cantabria (Spain), an expert company in cables and cabling systems.

Susana Loredo was born in Gijóon, Spain, in 1972. She received the M.S. and Ph.D degrees in telecommunications engineering from the University of Cantabria, Spain, in 1997 and 2001 respectively. From 1998 to 2001 she was with the Department of Communications Engineering as a Research Assistant. During this time, she worked on numerical and high frequency methods applied to the characterization of the radio-propagation channel, and also on the narrowband and wideband experimental characterization of the indoor radio channel. In 2001 she joined the Department of Electrical Engineering at University of Oviedo, Spain, as a Research Scientific. From this time to the present, she has been working on MIMO channel characterization using high frequency approaches and source reconstruction methods to characterize the antenna radiation.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Torres, R.P., Cobo, B., Mavares, D. et al. Measurement and Statistical Analysis of the Temporal Variations of a Fixed Wireless Link at 3.5 GHz. Wireless Pers Commun 37, 41–59 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-006-1320-z

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-006-1320-z

Keywords

Navigation