Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Composite Effect of E/O Nonlinearity and Optical Echo on EPWM-OFDM Transmission in Radio Over Fiber Channel

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Radio over Fiber (RoF) is a promising technology for extending broadband wireless access to indoor and outdoor dead spots. However, commonly applied intensity-modulation / direct-detection RoF transmission presents some nonlinearity and produces echo distortion. Since multiple carrier modulation signals such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) are widely employed in broadband wireless systems, the above issues become more serious. The OFDM signals have high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio, which makes them more sensitive to nonlinearity. Moreover, the large delay of optical echoes that are caused by the discontinuity of refractive index at both ends of Electrical/Optical (E/O) and Optical/Electrical converters exceeds the guard time of current OFDM symbols when the length of optical fiber is long. Since the nonlinearity and echo exist simultaneously in RoF channels, their composite effect is mathematically analyzed in this paper. A RoF-echo model is proposed for the modeling of the multiple light reflections and its validity is confirmed by experiments. Then, Envelop-Pulse-Width-Modulation- (EPWM-) RoF transmission is proposed for dealing with the nonlinearity and echo in RoF channel. The performance of the EPWM-RoF scheme for OFDM signal transmission is evaluated by simulations, which reveals that the scheme improves the transmission quality in Error Vector Magnitude under the composite environment of E/O nonlinearity and optical echo.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Agrawal, G. P. (2002). Fiber-optic communications systems (3rd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

  2. Choi, W., & Andrews, J. G. (2007). Downlink performance and capacity of distributed antenna systems in a multicell environment. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 6(1), 69–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Nee, R. V., & Prasad, R. (2000). OFDM for wireless multimedia communications. Norwood, MA: Artech House.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Nader, C., Landin, P. N., Moer, W. V., Björsell, N., & Händel, P. (2011). Performance evaluation of peak-to-average power ratio reduction and digital pre-distortion for OFDM based systems. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 59(12), 3504–3511.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Yu, X., Matsuura, M., & Yamao, Y. (2014). EPWM-OFDM signal transmission against nonlinearities of E/O converters in radio over fiber channel. IEICE Transactions on Communications, E97–B(2), 484–494.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Thompson, S. C., Ahmed, A. U., Proakis, J. G., Zeidler, J. R., & Geile, M. J. (2008). Constant envelope OFDM. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 56(8), 1300–1312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Pepeljugoski, P. K., & Lau, K. Y. (1992). Interferometric noise reduction in fiber-optic links by superposition of high frequency modulation. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 10(7), 957–963.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Moslehi, B. (1986). Noise power spectra of two-beam interferometers induced by the laser phase noise. Journal of Lightwave Technology, LT–4(11), 1704–1709.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Umali, E., Toyama, Y., & Yamao, Y. (2007). Delta-sigma envelope Pulse-Width Modulation (EPWM) transmitter for high efficiency linear amplification. IEICE Technical Report, RCS2007-103 (pp. 37–42).

  10. Umali, E. M., Kawazoe, K., & Yamao, Y. (2010). Quantization noise and distortion analysis of envelope pulse-width modulation (EPWM) transmitters for OFDM signal amplification. IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences, E93–A(10), 1724–1734.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Schreier, R., & Temes, G. (2005). Understanding delta-sigma data converters. New York: A John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

  12. Roerich, D., Wang, X., Bernhard, M., & Speidel, J. (2013). Optimal modulation index of the in a coherent optical OFDM system employing digital predistortion. In Proceedings ITG Symposium on Photonic Networks (pp. 1–6).

  13. Ng, W. P., Loedhammacakra, W., Ghassemlooy, Z., & Cryan, R. A. (2008). Characterisation of a parallel optical all pass filter for chromatic dispersion equalisation in 10 Gb/s system. IET Circuits, Devices & Systems, 2, 112–118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Mortimore, D. B. (1988). Fiber loop reflectors. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 6(7), 1217–1224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) of Japan under the SCOPE Program #135003118 in Year 2013.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Wireless Communication Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, Room 702, Pia Fuchu, 2-5-7 Hachimancho, Fuchu-Shi, Tokyo, Japan

    Xiaoxue Yu

  2. The Center for Frontier Science and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu-shi, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan

    Motoharu Matsuura

  3. Advanced Wireless Communication Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu-shi, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan

    Yasushi Yamao

Authors
  1. Xiaoxue Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Motoharu Matsuura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yasushi Yamao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiaoxue Yu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yu, X., Matsuura, M. & Yamao, Y. Composite Effect of E/O Nonlinearity and Optical Echo on EPWM-OFDM Transmission in Radio Over Fiber Channel. Wireless Pers Commun 93, 647–660 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-014-2219-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-014-2219-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation