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Ultra-Wideband \(4\times 4\) Butler Matrix Employing Trapezoidal-Shaped Microstrip-Slot Technique

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Abstract

A design of compact and inexpensive two-layer ultra-wideband (UWB) \(4~\times ~4\) butler matrix beam-forming network employing trapezoidal-shaped microstrip-slot technique is presented in this paper. The proposed design uses multi-layer technology that allows having compact size and broad bandwidth. The proposed \(4\times 4\) butler matrix configuration consists of four couplers and two phase shifters without using crossovers. Both couplers and phase shifters use trapezoidal-shaped broadside coupled patches and a rectangular slot created in a common ground plane of two Rogers duroid RT5880 dielectric substrates. The simulations and experimental results show a good performance in terms of transmission magnitudes and phases with good return losses and isolation characteristics across the entire UWB frequency range. To demonstrate the functionality of the designed butler matrix, four identical tapered slot antenna (TSA) elements are connected to four output ports of the butler matrix and the radiation pattern characteristics are simulated, presented and discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This research is supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and by King AbdulAziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) Technology Innovation Center in RFTONICS hosted at King Saud University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. KACST Technology Innovation Center in Radiofrequency and Photonics for the e-Society (RFTONICS), King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Osama Mohamed Haraz, Abdel-Razik Sebak & Saleh A. Alshebeili

  2. Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt

    Osama Mohamed Haraz

  3. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada

    Abdel-Razik Sebak

  4. Electrical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Saleh A. Alshebeili

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  1. Osama Mohamed Haraz
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  2. Abdel-Razik Sebak
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  3. Saleh A. Alshebeili
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Correspondence to Osama Mohamed Haraz.

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Haraz, O.M., Sebak, AR. & Alshebeili, S.A. Ultra-Wideband \(4\times 4\) Butler Matrix Employing Trapezoidal-Shaped Microstrip-Slot Technique. Wireless Pers Commun 82, 709–721 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-014-2248-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-014-2248-3

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