Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Multiuser Receiver for Joint Symbol/Channel Estimation in Dual-Hop Relaying Systems

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We consider the uplink of a multiuser cooperative dual-hop communication system, where users transmit signals towards a base station with the help of multiple relays. The base station is equipped with an antenna array, while each user and relay are single-antenna devices simultaneously accessing the channel using non-orthogonal codes. For this communication scenario, we propose a novel multiuser receiver for joint symbol and channel estimation by capitalizing on a tensor modeling of the end-to-end system. The proposed multiuser receiver allows the base station to jointly estimate users’ transmitted symbols and the channels involved in the dual-hop communication. Identifiability conditions of the proposed receiver are provided along with their practical implications to system design. Simulation results corroborate the effectiveness of our multiuser receiver in terms of channel estimation accuracy and bit-error-rate.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. These code sequences can be interpreted as columns of a space-time block code matrix. Since we are deadling with a joint (multiuser) detection approach at the receiver, the CDMA terminology is preferable.

  2. The idea proposed in this work can easily be extended to include direct links.

  3. The proposed model can easily be extended to multiple-antenna relays. It suffices to redefine \({\mathbf {H}}^{(\text {sr})}=[{\mathbf {H}}^{(\text {s})T}_1, \ldots , {\mathbf {H}}^{(\text {s})T}_R]^T \in {\mathbb {C}}^{{QR}\times {M}}\) as a block-matrix, where \(Q\) denotes the number of antennas at each relay (assumed to be equal for all relays without loss of generality).

  4. The chip duration for both hops is the same, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the chip indices of the MS–RS and RS–BS transmissions. As will be clear later, this transmission strategy is beneficial for the joint estimation of all channels as well as for the separation/detection of the multiple signals involved in the communication.

  5. This means that each column of the estimated channel \({\mathbf {H}}^{(\text {rd})}\) is normalized by its first element, so that the first row of \({\mathbf {H}}^{(\text {rd})}\) is equal to the “all-ones” row vector. This is equivalent to normalize to unity the channel gains associated with the first receive BS antenna. Note, however, that this ambiguity is not an issue when optimizing the relay channel.

References

  1. Sendonaris, A., Erkip, E., & Aazhang, B. (2003). User cooperation diversity—Part I: System description. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 51(11), 1927–1938.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Laneman, J. N., Tse, D. N. C., & Wornell, G. W. (2004). Cooperative diversity in wireless networks: Efficient protocols and outage behavior. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 50(12), 3062–3080.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Pabst, R., Walke, B., Schultz, D., Herhold, P., Yanikomeroglu, H., Mukherjee, S., et al. (2004). Relay-based deployment concepts for wireless and mobile broadband radio. IEEE Communications Magazine, 42(9), 80–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Cao, L., Zhang, J., & Kanno, N. (2009). Multi-source cooperative communications with relay-coding for uplink IMT-advanced 4G systems. In Proceedings on IEEE GLOBECOM’09 (pp. 1–6).

  5. Liu, K., Sadek, A., Su, W., & Kwasinski, A. (2008). Cooperative communications and networking. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  6. Dohler, M., & Li, Y. (2010). Cooperative communications: Hardware, channel and PHY. London: Wiley.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  7. Rong, Y. (2010). Optimal joint source and relay beamforming for MIMO relays with direct link. IEEE Communications Letters, 14(5), 390–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Roemer, F., & Haardt, M. (2010). Tensor-based channel estimation and iterative refinements for two-way relaying with multiple antennas and spatial reuse. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 58(11), 5720–5735.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Fernandes, C. A. R., de Almeida, A. L. F., & Costa, D. B. (2012). Unified tensor modeling for blind receivers in multiuser uplink cooperative systems. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 19(5), 247–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Rong, Y., Khandaker, M., & Xiang, Y. (2012). Channel estimation of dual-hop MIMO relay system via parallel factor analysis. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 11(6), 2224–2233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Harshman, R.A. (1970). Foundations of the PARAFAC procedure: Models and conditions for an “explanatory” multimodal factor analysis, 16th ed. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics.

  12. Bro, R. (1998). Multi-way analysis in the food industry: Models, algorithms and aplications, Ph.D. dissertation. Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam.

  13. Smilde, A., Bro, R., & Geladi, P. (2004). Multi-way analysis. London: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Sidiropoulos, N. D., Giannakis, G. B., & Bro, R. (2000). Blind PARAFAC receivers for DS-CDMA systems. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 48(3), 810–823.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Gregoratti, D., & Mestre, X. (2009). Random DS/CDMA for the amplify and forward relay channel. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 8(2), 1017–1027.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Harshman, R. A., & Lundy, M. E. (1996). Uniqueness proof for a family of models sharing features of Tucker’s three-mode factor analysis and PARAFAC/CANDECOMP. Psychometrika, 61(1), 133–154.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Kibangou, A.Y., & Favier, G. (2007). Blind joint identification and equalization of Wiener-Hammerstein communication channels using PARATUCK tensor decomposition. In Proceedings EUSIPCO’07, Poznan, Poland.

  18. de Almeida, A. L. F., Favier, G., & Mota, J. C. M. (2009). Space-time spreading-multiplexing for MIMO wireless communication systems using the PARATUCK tensor model. Signal Processing, 89, 2103–2116.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. da Costa, M. N., Favier, G., de Almeida, A. L. F., & Romano, J. M. T. (2012). Tensor space-time (TST) coding for mimo wireless communication systems. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 92(4), 1079–1092.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Almeida, A. L. F., Favier, G., & Ximenes, L. R. (2013). Space-time-frequency (STF) MIMO communication systems with blind receiver based on a generalized PARATUCK model. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 61(8), 1895–1909.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Lioliou, P., Viberg, M., & Coldrey, M. (2012). Efficient channel estimation techniques for amplify and forward relaying systems. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 60(11), 3150–3155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Kong, T., & Hua, Y. (2011). Optimal design of source and relay pilots for MIMO relay channel estimation. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 59(9), 4438–4446.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the China’s Next Generation Internet Project (CNGI Project) “Research and Trial on Evolving Next Generation Network Intelligence Capability Enhancement (NICE)”, Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project and DNSLAB. The research of André L. F. de Almeida is partially supported by CNPq/Brazil.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China

    Han Xi

  2. GTEL – Wireless Telecom Research Group, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil

    André L. F. de Almeida

Authors
  1. Han Xi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. André L. F. de Almeida
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to André L. F. de Almeida.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Xi, H., de Almeida, A.L.F. Multiuser Receiver for Joint Symbol/Channel Estimation in Dual-Hop Relaying Systems. Wireless Pers Commun 83, 17–33 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-015-2377-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-015-2377-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation