Skip to main content
Log in

Analysis of Quiet Period Scheduling in QP-CSMA-CA Cognitive Radio MAC Protocol

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In cognitive radio networks (CRN), the secondary network opportunistically access the wireless channels that are free from primary user (PU). Recently, the usage of quiet period (QP) scheduling mechanism to detect transmission opportunities for 802.11 secondary network has gained popularity.The QP-CSMA-CA is a 802.11 based CRN MAC protocol that uses DIFS-based QP scheduling mechanism. In this paper, we propose an analytical model for DIFS-based QP scheduling mechanism. We study the impact of number of secondary nodes on QP scheduling and on their throughput and delay. The access point of 802.11 secondary network can use our analytical model to map the optimal QP scheduling interval \(T_{QP}\) (in time units) to the number of DIFS occurrences \(N_{DIFS}\) which is required for QP-CSMA-CA MAC protocol to detect the reappearance of PU. We validate our mathematical model in finding the optimal \(N_{DIFS}\) through extensive MATLAB simulation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Notes

  1. The Decoupling approximation states that “From the view of tagged node, all other nodes can be seen attempting transmission with probability \(\tau\). Thus, the collision seen by tagged node is calculated as \(\gamma (\tau ) = 1-(1-\tau )^{N_u-1}\). The transmission attempt probability is also a function of collision probability, i.e. \(\tau (\gamma )\). This results in Fixed-point equation which has solution for back-off parameters mentioned in IEEE 802.11 DCF mechanism.”

References

  1. Sadler, B. (2007). A survey of dynamic spectrum access. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 24(3), 79–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Liang, Y. C., Chen, K. C., Li, G. Y., & Mahonen, P. (2011). Cognitive radio networking and communications—An overview. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 60(7), 3386–3407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wellens, M., Riihijärvi, J., & Mähönen, P. (2009). Empirical time and frequency domain models of spectrum use. Physical Communication, 2, 10–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Liu, Y., Kundargi, N., & Tewfik, A. (2010). A novel sense-transmit-wait strategy for coexistence of cognitive radio networks with IEEE 802.11 WLANs. In International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing.

  5. Wang, S. Y., Huang, Y. M., Lau, L. C., & Lin, C. C. (2011). Enhanced MAC protocol for cognitive radios over IEEE 802.11 networks. In Proceedings of IEEE WCNC, pp. 37–42.

  6. Kumar, S., Shende, N., Murthy, C. R., & Ayyagari, A. (2013). Throughput analysis of primary and secondary networks in a shared IEEE 802.11 system. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communication, 32(3), 1006–1017.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Liang, Y. C., Zeng, Y., Peh, E. C. Y., & Hoang, A. T. (2008). A sensing-throughput tradeoff for cognitive radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communication, 7(4), 1326–1337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lee, W. Y., & Akyildiz, I. F. (2008). Optimal spectrum sensing framework for cognitive radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications., 7(10), 3845–3857.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Adamis, A., Maliatsos, K., Cambourakis, G., & Constantinou, P. (2010). Throughput analysis of the intermittent DCF for opportunistic spectrum access. Wireless Personal Communication, 55(3), 349–377.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. IEEE Draft O802.11-REVmb/D10.0. (2011). Part 11: Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications.

  11. Ghosh, C., Safavi-Naeini, H. A., Roy, S., Doppler, K., & Stahl, J. (2012). QP-CSMA-CA: A modified CSMA-CA based cognitive channel access mechanism with testbed implementation. In Proceedings of IEEE DySPAN.

  12. Kumar, A., Altman, E., Miorandi, D., & Goyal, M. (2007). New insights from a fixed-point analysis of single cell IEEE 802.11 WLANs. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 15(3), 588–601.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Pei, Y., Hoang, A. T., & Liang, Y. C. (2007). Sensing-throughput tradeoff in cognitive radio networks: how frequently should spectrum sensing be carried out?. In Proceedings of IEEE PIMRC, pp. 1–5.

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Chittabrata Ghosh, Wireless Systems Engineer at Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, California for clarifying our doubts on his work “QP-CSMA-CA MAC protocol” through e-mail conversation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Senthilmurugan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Senthilmurugan, S., Venkatesh, T.G. Analysis of Quiet Period Scheduling in QP-CSMA-CA Cognitive Radio MAC Protocol. Wireless Pers Commun 92, 1625–1637 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-016-3626-9

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-016-3626-9

Keywords

Navigation