Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Thinned 8 × 8 Planar Antenna Array with Reduced Side Lobe Levels for 5G Applications

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to investigate three antenna designs using the main element that provides radiation pattern with diminish side lobes and high gain of interest for the fifth generation. Antenna designs comprises: (1) fully filled 8 × 8 planar array (2) optimized thinned planar array and (3) optimized tapered planar array. The main motive is to inactive a few number of elements of a fully filled 8 × 8 array while keeping the gain and return loss undisturbed ensuring the high reduction in sidelobe levels. GA (Genetic Algorithm) is tested to estimate the optimized amalgamation of inactive and active elements corresponding to reduce sidelobe levels. Optimization techniques such as the Thinning and Tapering of the planar array are considered in this study. The performances of all three types of optimized planar antenna arrays which are designed on RT/Duroid 5880 dielectric are investigated through a finite element study using CST MW Studio ver.2018 software operating at the desired 28 GHz frequency. By comparing with a fully filled planar array of equal size, the simulation results unveil that optimized thinned and tapered planar arrays show better performance in terms of future generation aspects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19

Similar content being viewed by others

Code Availability

The proposed antenna is designed on CST Microwave Studio 2018.

References

  1. Shafi, M., et al. (2017). 5G: A tutorial overview of standards, trials, challenges, deployment, and practice. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 35(6), 0733–8716.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Agiwal, M., Roy, A., et al. (2016). Next-generation 5G wireless networks: A comprehensive survey. IEEE Communication Survey Tutor, 18(3), 1617–1655.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Rappaport, T. S., Sun, S., et al. (2013). Millimeter wave mobile communications for 5G cellular: It will work! IEEE Access, 1(1), 335–349.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Samuthira Pandi, V., Lakshmi Priya, J., (2017). A survey on 5G mobile technology. In IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering, September 21–22, 2017, India.

  5. Wu, T.-Y., & Chang, T. (2016). Interference reduction by millimeter wave technology for 5G based green communications. IEEE Journals and Magazines, 4, 10228–10234.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hong, W., et al. (2014). Study and prototyping of practically large-scale mm Wave antenna systems for 5G cellular devices. IEEE Communications Magazine, 52, 63–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Parchin, N. O., Shen M., et al. (2016). End-fire phased array 5G antenna design using leaf-shaped bow-tie elements for 28/38 GHz MIMO applications. In IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Wireless Broadband (ICUWB), October 16–19, 2016, China.

  8. Ahmed, Z., McEvoy, P., et al. (2018). Comparison of grid array with microstrip patch antenna array at 28 GHz. In IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on 5G Hardware and System Technologies (IMWS-5G), August 30–31, 2018, Ireland.

  9. Arizaca-Cusicuna, D. N., et al. (2018). High gain 4 x 4 rectangular patch antenna array at 28 GHz for future 5G application. In IEEE XXV International Conference on Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computing (INTERCON), August 08–10, 2018, Peru.

  10. Mao, C.-X., Khalily, M., et al. (2019). Planar sub-millimeter-wave array antenna with enhanced gain and reduced sidelobes for 5G broadcast applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 67(1), 160–168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Gjokaj, V., Doroshewitz, D., et al. (2017). A design study of 5G antennas optimized using genetic algorithms. In IEEE 67th Electronic Components and Technology Conference, May 30–June 02, 2017, USA.

  12. Reddy, K. Y., Kumar R. B., et al. (2017). Synthesis of large thinned planar antenna arrays using modified binary coded genetic algorithm. In IEEE Applied Electromagnetics Conference (AEMC), December 19–22, 2017, India.

  13. Ye, J., Wang, Y., (2010). Synthesis of linear array with broad nulls using immune algorithm. In Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory, November 29–December 2, 2010, China.

  14. Yang, S. J., Woo Yi, D., et al. (2015). Antenna pattern synthesis based on discrete-artificial bee colony algorithm for digital environment. In Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, December 06–09, 2015, China.

  15. Gangwar, V. S., Singh, A. K., Thomas, E., Singh, S. P. (2015). Side lobe level suppression in a thinned linear antenna array using particle swarm optimization. In International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Computing and Communication Technology (iCATccT), October 29–31, 2015, India.

  16. Alluhaibi, O., Nair, M., et al. (2018). 3D Beamforming for 5G millimeter wave systems using singular value decomposition and particle swarm optimization approaches. In IEEE International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), October 17–19, 2018, South Korea.

  17. Wang, H., Liu, C., Wu, H., Li, B., & Xie, X. (2020). Optimal pattern synthesis of linear array and broadband design of whip antenna using grasshopper optimization algorithm. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2020, 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Haupt, R. L. (1994). Thinned arrays using genetic algorithms. IEEE Transaction Antennas Propagation, 42(7), 993–999.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Gharbi, I., Barrak, R., et al. (2017). Design of patch array antennas for future 5G applications. In 18th International Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering (STA), December 21–23, 2017, Tunisia.

  20. Aslan, Y., Puskely, J., et al. (2018). Thermal-aware synthesis of 5G base station antenna arrays: an overview and a sparsity-based approach. IEEE Access, 6, 58868–58882.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Ishfaq, M. K., Rahman, T. A, et al. (2017). 8 × 8 phased series fed patch antenna array at 28 GHz for 5G mobile base station antennas. In IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC), September 15–17, 2017, Italy.

  22. Parchin, N. O., Shen, M., Pedersen, G. F., (2016). 8 × 8 planar phased array antenna with high efficiency and insensitivity properties for 5G mobile base stations. In 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), April 10–15, 2016, Switzerland.

  23. Jain, R., & Mani, G. S. (2012). Solving “Antenna Array Thinning Problem” using genetic algorithm. Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, 2012, 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

Not Applicable.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of ECE, The ICFAI University, Dehradun, India

    Prachi Gupta & Vishal Gupta

Authors
  1. Prachi Gupta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Vishal Gupta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Prachi Gupta or Vishal Gupta.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts among the authors of Manuscript.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gupta, P., Gupta, V. Thinned 8 × 8 Planar Antenna Array with Reduced Side Lobe Levels for 5G Applications. Wireless Pers Commun 119, 639–655 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08228-2

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08228-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation