Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Trusted Water Fall Model for Efficient Data Transmission in VANET

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Vehicular adhoc networks are slowly gaining importance as the demand for faster communication increases. The vehicular nodes need to communicate securely via an established and effective route. Control and protocol information between the vehicles is transmitted using the technique of broadcasting. The nodes are never stagnant and even though their energy rarely dissipates, the high mobility of the nodes poses quite a problem. Lack of an established infrastructure is a major issue and needs to be addressed in order to achieve maximum performance. We have designed a novel waterfall model focusing on a robust broadcasting method. The OLSR protocol is enhanced using a robust MPR technique, which helps in mitigating the circulation of duplicate packets within the network. The RMPR subset of the OLSR protocol is capable of handling transmission errors and the hidden and exposed terminal problems prevalent in the VANET environment. The inclusion of a waterfall model enables the proposed technique to maximize throughput and minimize the delay in the network. The waterfall model works in two major phases. The first phase incorporates the Cognitive radio scheme for effective channel allocation and utilization.The RMPR technique is implemented in the second phase which focuses on utilizing the neighbor nodes to transmit the packets successfully towards the destination. The RMPR scheme aims to categorize the neighboring nodes as either one hop or 2-hop neighboring nodes. Additionally, the uncategorized nodes are further probed to find a second subset of 2-hop nodes which would speed up the transmission. The implementation of these two important phases into the classic waterfall model helps to streamline the activities and helps in streamlining the network activities.The proposed waterfall model RMPR technique is analyzed with protocols like MMPR–OLSR and the OLSR protocols to determine the effectiveness of the proposed protocol. The performance analysis is carried out using the NS2 simulator. The techniques that are compared are evaluated using major network parameters like throughput, delay, PDR and channel utilization. It is evident that the proposed protocol is able to maximize the PDR than the existing techniques.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ramkumar, J., & Vadivel, R. (2020). Improved wolf prey inspired protocol for routing in cognitive radio ad hoc networks. International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications., 7(5), 126–136. https://doi.org/10.22247/ijcna/2020/202977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Pokhrel, K., Dutta, N., Ghose, M. K., & Sarma, H. K. D. (2020). Performance analysis of various mobility management protocols for IPv6 based networks. International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications., 7(3), 62–81. https://doi.org/10.22247/ijcna/2020/196039

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Usha, M., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2019). MCTRP—An energy efficient tree routing protocol for vehicular ad hoc network using genetic whale optimization algorithm. Journal of Wireless Personal Communication, 110, 185–206

    Google Scholar 

  4. Sathiamoorthy, J., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2017). STFDR: Architecture of competent protocol for efficient route discovery and reliable transmission in CEAACK MANETs. Journal of Wireless Personal Communication, 97, 5817–5839

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Liang, O., Sekercioglu, Y. A., & Mani, N. (2006). A survey of multipoint relay based broadcast schemes in wireless ad hoc networks. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 8(4), 30–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Jayaraman, U. M. S., & Bhagavathiperumal, R. (2018). A trusted waterfall framework based peer to peer protocol for reliable and energy efficient data transmission in MANETs. Wireless Personal Communication, 95(2), 95–124

    Google Scholar 

  7. Xu, H., Wu, X., Sadjadpour, H. R., & Garcia-Luna-Aceves, J. (2010). A unified analysis of routing protocols in MANETs. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 58(3), 911–922

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Shahi, G. S., Batth, R. S., & Egerton, S. (2020). A comparative study on efficient path finding algorithms for route planning in smart vehicular networks. International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications, 7(5), 157–166. https://doi.org/10.22247/ijcna/2020/204020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Javed, S., Furqan-ul-Islam, & A. A. Pirzada (2009). Performance analysis of OLSR protocol in amobile ad hoc wireless network. In International conference on computer control and communication, Karachi, Pakistan.

  10. Bianchi, G. (2000). Performance analysis of the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 18(3), 535–547

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Usha, M., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2019). CSVANET: cuckoo search for efficient optimal path selection with QoS. Journal of Applied Science and Computations, 6(5), 1785

    Google Scholar 

  12. Usha, M., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2019). An enhanced MPR OLSR protocol for efficient node selection process in cognitive radio based VANET. Wireless Personal Communications, 106(2), 763–787

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Bai, Y., Liu, Y., & Yuan, D. (2010). An optimized method for minimum MPRs selection based on node density. In International conference on wireless communications networking and mobile computing, Chengdu, China.

  14. Liu, H., Jia, X., Wan, P.-J., Liu, X., & Yao, F. F. (2007). A distributed and efficient flooding scheme using 1-hop information in mobile ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 18(5), 658–671

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Le, T. D., & Choo, H. (2009). Towards an efficient flooding scheme exploiting 2-hop backward information in MANETs. The IEICE Transactions on Communications, E92-B(4), 1199–1209

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Usha, M., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2019). A robust architecture of the OLSR protocol for channel utilization and optimized transmission using minimal multi point relay selection in VANET. Wireless Personal Communications, 109(1), 271–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Jacquet, P., Laouiti, A., Minet, P., & Viennot, L. (2001). Performance analysis of OLSR multipoint relay flooding in two ad hoc wireless network models. In: INRIA RR-4260.

  18. Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications (2007). IEEE Std. 802.11.

  19. Usha, M., Sathiamoorthy, J., Ashween, R., & Ramakrishnan, B. N. (2020). EEMCCP-A novel architecture protocol design for efficient data transmission in underwater acoustic wireless sensor network. International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications, 7(2), 28–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Ramakrishnan, B., Rajesh, R. S., & Shaji, R. S. (2011). CBVANET: A cluster based vehicular adhoc network model for simple highway communication. International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, 02(04), 755–761

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ramakrishnan, B. (2013). Analysis of Manhattan mobility model without RSUs. Journal of Computer Engineering IOSR-JCE, 9(5), 82–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Joe, M. M., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2015). WVANET: Modelling a novel web based communication architecture for vehicular network. Wireless Personal Communications, 85(4), 1987–2001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Joe, M. M., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2016). Review of vehicular ad hoc network communication models including WVANET (Web VANET) model and WVANET future research directions. Wireless Networks, 22(7), 2369–2386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Joe, M. M., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2017). Novel authentication mechanism for checking node reliability in web vehicular ad hoc network. International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing, 13(2), 87–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Joe, M. M., Shaji, R. S., & Ashok Kumar, K. (2013). Establishing inter vehicle wireless communication in VANET and preventing it from hackers. International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security, 5(8), 55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Ramakrishan, B., Joe, M. M., & Bhagavath Nishanth, R. (2014). Modeling and simulation of efficient cluster based Manhattan mobility model for vehicular communication. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Web Intelligence, 6(2), 253–261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Usha, M., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2019). Robust MPR: A novel algorithm for secure and efficient data transmission in VANET. Journal of Wireless Personal Communication, 110, 355–380

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Ahn, J. H. et al. (2015). MAC-Aware concentrated multi-point relay selection algorithm. Wireless Personal Communications, Online 05 Aug 2015.

  29. Jayaraman, U. M. S., & Bhagavathiperumal, R. (2018). A three layered peer-to-peer energy efficient protocol for reliable and secure data transmission in EAACK MANETs. Wireless Personal Communication, 102(1), 201–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Usha, M., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2019). An enhanced MPR OLSR protocol for efficient node selection process in cognitive radio based VANET. Wireless Personal Communications, 106, 763–787

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. J. Sathiamoorthy, B. Ramakrishnan, Usha M. (2015) A reliable and secure data transmission in CEAACK MANETs using distinct dynamic key with classified Digital signature cryptographic algorithm. In: IEEE international conference on computing and communications technologies (ICCCT).

  32. Sathiamoorthy, J., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2016). CEAACK: A reduced acknowledgment for better data transmission for MANETs. International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security, 2, 64–71

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Sathiamoorthy, J., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2016). Energy and delay efficient dynamic cluster formation using improved ant colony optimization algorithm in EAACK MANETs. Journal of Wireless Personal Communication, 95, 1531–1552

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Sathiamoorthy, J., & Ramakrishnan, B. (2015). Energy and delay efficient dynamic cluster formation using hybrid AGA with FACO in EAACK. Journal of Wireless Networks, 23, 371–385

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Sathiamoorthy, J., Ramakrishnan, B., & Usha, M. (2015). Design of a competent broadcast algorithm for reliable transmission in CEAACK MANETs. Journal of Network Communications and Emerging Technologies, 5(1), 144–151

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Thiruthangal Nadar College, Chennai, India

    Sathiamoorthy Jayaraman

  2. MEASI Institute of Information Technology, Chennai, India

    Usha Mohanakrishnan

  3. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India

    Ashween Ramakrishnan

Authors
  1. Sathiamoorthy Jayaraman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Usha Mohanakrishnan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ashween Ramakrishnan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Usha Mohanakrishnan .

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors do not have any conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jayaraman, S., Mohanakrishnan , U. & Ramakrishnan, A. A Trusted Water Fall Model for Efficient Data Transmission in VANET. Wireless Pers Commun 120, 821–848 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08492-2

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08492-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation