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Coalitional Game-Based User Association Integrated With Open Loop Power Control for Green Communications in Uplink HCNs

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Abstract

In heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs), the energy reduction has a great impact on the operational cost and global carbon footprint, which has attracted more and more attention. To enhance the network energy efficiency (EE), we design two types of association mechanisms integrated with open loop power control (OLPC) for uplink code-division-multiple-access (CDMA) enabled HCNs. Specifically, they are formulated into two optimization problems that maximize the sum of users’ EEs and the one of users’ EE utilities. It is noteworthy that the one of these two mechanisms guarantees the user fairness by employing a logarithmic function. Considering that these formulated problems are in a fractional mixed-integer form and hard to tackle, we utilize a coalitional game to design two types of association algorithms with guaranteed convergence. To show the effectiveness of designed algorithms, another one is introduced for comparison in the simulation. As for them, we mainly investigate the impacts of user and BS densities on the association performance.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61861017, 61671144, 61861018, 61761030, 61961020, 61862025, 61663010 and 61963017, Foundation of Jiangxi Educational Committee of China under Grant Nos. GJJ180312 and GJJ180313.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, 330013, China

    Tianqing Zhou, Xuefang Nie & Xuan Li

  2. School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China

    Dong Qin

  3. School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China

    Lei Zhang

  4. National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China

    Lei Zhang

  5. School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China

    Chunguo Li

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  1. Tianqing Zhou
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  2. Dong Qin
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Correspondence to Tianqing Zhou.

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Zhou, T., Qin, D., Nie, X. et al. Coalitional Game-Based User Association Integrated With Open Loop Power Control for Green Communications in Uplink HCNs. Wireless Pers Commun 120, 3117–3133 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08602-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08602-0

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