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ROCO: Using a Solid State Drive Cache to Improve the Performance of a Host-Aware Shingled Magnetic Recording Drive

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Abstract

Shingled magnetic recording (SMR) can effectively increase the capacity of hard disk drives (HDDs). Hostaware SMR (HA-SMR) is expected to be more popular than other SMR models because of its backward compatibility and new SMR-specific APIs. However, an HA-SMR drive often suffers performance degradation under write-intensive workloads because of frequent non-sequential writes buffered in the disk cache. The non-sequential writes mainly come from update writes, small random writes and out-of-order writes. In this paper, we propose a hybrid storage system called ROCO which aims to use a solid state drive (SSD) cache to improve the performance of an HA-SMR drive. ROCO reorders out-of-order writes belonging to the same zone and uses the SSD cache to absorb update writes and small random writes. We also design a data replacement algorithm called CREA for the SSD cache. CREA first conducts zone-oriented hot/cold data identification to identify cold-cached zones and hot-cached zones, and then evicts data blocks belonging to colder zones with higher priorities that can be sequentially written or written through host-side read-modify-write operations. It gives the lowest priority to data blocks belonging to the hottest-cached zone that have to be non-sequentially written. Experimental results show that ROCO can effectively reduce non-sequential writes to the HA-SMR drive and improve the performance of the HA-SMR drive.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Wen-Guo Liu, Ling-Fang Zeng & Dan Feng

  2. Faculty of Computer Science, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, E3B 5A3, Canada

    Kenneth B. Kent

Authors
  1. Wen-Guo Liu
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  2. Ling-Fang Zeng
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  3. Dan Feng
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  4. Kenneth B. Kent
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Correspondence to Ling-Fang Zeng.

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Liu, WG., Zeng, LF., Feng, D. et al. ROCO: Using a Solid State Drive Cache to Improve the Performance of a Host-Aware Shingled Magnetic Recording Drive. J. Comput. Sci. Technol. 34, 61–76 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11390-019-1899-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11390-019-1899-7

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