Skip to main content
Log in

On formability of linear continuous-time multi-agent systems

  • Published:
Journal of Systems Science and Complexity Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper is focused on formability of multi-agent systems (MASs). The problem is concerned with the existence of a protocol that has the ability to drive the MAS involved to the desired formation, and thus, is of essential importance in designing formation protocols. Formability of an MAS depends on several key factors: agents’ dynamic structures, connectivity topology, properties of the desired formation and the admissible control set. Agents of the MASs considered here are described by a general continuous linear time-invariant (LTI) model. By using the matrix analysis and algebraic graph theory, some necessary and sufficient conditions on formability of LTI-MASs are obtained. These conditions characterize in some sense the relationship of formability, connectivity topology, formation properties and agent dynamics with respect to some typical and widely used admissible protocol sets.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A. K. Das, R. Fierro, R. V. Kumar, J. P. Ostrowski, J. Spletzer, and C. J. Taylor, A visionbased formation control framework, IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, 2002, 18(5): 813–825.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. R. W. Beard, J. Lawton, and F. Y. Hadaegh, A coordination architecture for spacecraft formation control, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 2001, 9(6): 777–790.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. J. A. Fax and R. M. Murray, Information flow and cooperative control of vehicle formations, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2004, 49(9): 1465–1476.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Z. Y. Lin, B. Francis, and M. Maggiore, Necessary and sufficient graphical conditions for formation control of unicycles, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2005, 50(1): 121–127.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. D. Lee and M. W. Spong, Stable flocking of multiple inertial agents on balanced graphs, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2007, 52(8): 1469–1475.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. W. Ren and N. Sorensen, Distributed coordination architecture for multi-robot formation control, Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 2008, 56(4): 324–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. A. Krishnamurthy, Coordinated control and maneuvering of a network of micro-satellites in formation, Ph. D. dissertation, Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Paderborn, 2007.

  8. R. Olfati-Saber and R. M. Murray, Consensus problems in networks of agents with switching topology and time-delays, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2004, 49(9): 1520–1533.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. D. Swaroop and J. K. Hedrick, Constant spacing strategies for platooning in automated highway systems, Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, 1999, 121(3): 462–470.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. G. Lafferriere, A. Williams, J. Caughman, and J. J. P. Veerman, Decentralized control of vehicle formations, Systems and Control Letters, 2005, 54(9): 899–910.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. R. Olfati-Saber, J. A. Fax, and R. M. Murray, Consensus and cooperation in networked multi-agent systems, Proceedings of the IEEE, 2007: 215–233.

  12. J. Rodrigues, D. Figueira, C. Neves, and I. Ribeiro, Leader-following graph-based distributed formation control, Proceedings of Robotica 2008 — 8th Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems Competitions, 2008.

  13. P. Ögren, M. Egerstedt, and X. Hu, A control Lyapunov function approach to multiagent coordination, IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, 2002, 18(5): 847–851.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. C. Q. Ma and J. F. Zhang, Necessary and sufficient conditions for consensusability of linear multiagent systems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2010, 55(5): 1263–1268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. A. Williams and S. Glavaški, Connectivity and convergence of formations, Proceedings of the 2005 American Control Conference, Portland, OR, USA, 2005.

  16. J. W. Brewer, Kronecker products and matrix calculus in system theory, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, 1978, 25(9): 772–781.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. W. Ren, R. W. Beard, and T.W. Mclain, Coordination variables and consensus building in multiple vehicle systems, Cooperative Control: A Post-Workshop Volume 2003 Block Island Workshop on Cooperative Control (ed. by V. Kumar, N. Leonard and A. S. Morse), Springer-Verlag Series: Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences, Springer, Berlin, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  18. V. L. Syrmos, C. T. Abdallah, P. Dorato, and K. Grigoriadis, Static output feedback: A survey, Automatica, 1997, 33(2): 125–137.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. C. Q. Ma, System analysis and control synthesis of linear multi-agent systems, Ph.D. dissertation, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, Jul. 2009.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cuiqin Ma.

Additional information

This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grants Nos. 60934006 and 61104136, the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant No. ZR2010FQ002, the School Foundation of Qufu Normal University under Grant No. XJ200913, and the Scientific Research Foundation of Qufu Normal University.

This paper was recommended for publication by Editor Jing HAN.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ma, C., Zhang, J. On formability of linear continuous-time multi-agent systems. J Syst Sci Complex 25, 13–29 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-012-0108-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-012-0108-3

Key words

Navigation