Abstract
This paper studies the mixed H2/H∞ control for continuous-time linear dynamic systems. By applying Stackelberg game approach, the control input is treated as the leader and the disturbance is treated as the follower, respectively. Under standard assumptions and maximum principle, a necessary and sufficient existence condition which is based on three decoupled Riccati equations is obtained. Explicit expression of controllers and solutions to forward backward differential equations (FBDES) are obtained by homogeneous analysis of variables. A numerical example is finally given to verify the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Muradore R and Picci G, Mixed H 2/H ∞ control: The discrete-time case, Systems and Control Letters, 2005, 54(1): 1–13.
Doyle J C, Glover K, Francis B A, et al., Statespace solutions to standard H 2 and H ∞ control problems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1989, 34(8): 831–847.
Lu X and Zhang W H, Mixed H 2/H ∞ output-feedback control for stochastic discrete-time systems, IEEE Chinese Control and Decision Conference, San Diego CA, 2008, 4792–4796.
Doyle J, Zhou K, Glover K, et al., Mixed H 2 and H ∞ performance objectives II: Optimal control, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1994, 39(8): 1575–1587.
Zhou K, Glover K, Bodenheimer B, et al., Mixed H 2 and H ∞ performance objectives I: Robust performance analysis, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1994, 39(8): 1564–1574.
Limebeer D J N, Anderson B D O, and Hendel B, A Nash game approach to mixed H 2/H ∞ control, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1994, 39(1): 69–82.
Khargonekar P P and Rotea M A, Mixed H 2/H ∞ control: A convex optimization approach, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1991, 36(7): 824–837.
Kwak N, Principal component analysis by Lp-norm maximization, IEEE Transaction on Cybernetics, 2014, 44(5): 594–609.
Simaan M and Cruz J B, Sampled-data Nash controls in nonzero-sum differential games, International Journal of Control, 1973, 17: 1201–1209.
Chen C I, Jose B, and Cruz J R, Stackelberg solution for two-person games with biased information patterns, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1972, 17(6): 792–798.
Jose B and Cruz J R, Leader-follower strategies for multilevel systems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1978, 23(2): 244–255.
Freiling G, Jank G, and Abou-Kandil H, Discrete-time Riccati equations in open-loop Nash and Stackelberg games, Europen Journal of Control, 1999, 5(1): 56–66.
Sheng L, Zhang W H, and Gao M, Mixed H 2/H ∞ control of time-varying stochastic discretetime systems under uniform detectability, IET Control Theory and Applications, 2014, 8(17): 1866–1874.
Leitmann G, On generalized Stackelberg strategy, Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 1978, 26(4): 443–464.
Basar T and Bernhard P, H ∞ optimal control and related minimax design problems: A dynamic game approach, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1996, 41(9): 1397–1399.
Basar T and Olsder G J, Dynamic noncooperative game theory, SIAM, 1995.
Osborne M J, An Introduction to Game Theory, Oxford University Press, USA, ISBN: 0195128958, 2003.
Simaan M, Cruz J B, and Jr., On the Stackelberg strategy in nonzerosum games, Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 1973, 11(5): 533–555.
Medanic J V, Closed-loop Stackelberg strategies in linear-quadratic problems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1978, 23(4): 632–637.
Bagchi A and Basar T, Stackelberg strategies in linear-quadratic stochastic differential games, Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 1981, 35(3): 433–464.
Freiling G, Jank G, and Lee S R, Existence and uniqueness of open-loop Stackelberg equilibria in linear-quadratic differential games, Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 2001, 110(3): 515–544.
Mukaidani H, Tanabata R, and Matsumoto C, Dynamic game approach of H 2/H ∞ control for stochastic discrete-time systems, IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences, 2014, E97-A(11): 2200–2211.
Mukaidani H, H 2/H ∞ control of stochastic systems with multiple decision makers: A Stackelberg game approach, IEEE 52nd Annual Conference on Decision and Control, 2013, 1750–1755.
Zhu H N, Zhang C K, Sun P H, et al., A Stackelberg game approach to mixed H 2/H ∞ robust control for singular bilinear systems, 2011 Trans. Tech. Publications, Switzerland, 2011, 204–210: 1839–1847.
Mukaidani H, Stackelberg strategy for discrete-time stochastic system and its application to H 2/H ∞ control, Proceeding of the American Control Conference, Portland, Oregon, June, 2014.
Jungers M, Trélat E, and Abou-Kandil H, A Stackelberg game approach to mixed H 2/H ∞ control, In Proceeding of the 17th IFAC World Congress, Secul, Korea, 2008.
Tadmor G and Mirkin L, H ∞ control and estimation with preview — Part I: Matrix ARE solutions in continuous time, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2005, 50(1): 29–40.
Tadmor G and Mirkin L, H ∞ control and estimation with preview — Part II: Fixed-size ARE solutions in discrete time, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2005, 50(1): 29–40.
Zhang H, Li L, Xu J, et al., Linear quadratic regulation and stabilization of discrete-time systems with delay and multiplicative noise, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2015, 60(10): 2599–2613.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61633014, 61573220, 61573221, 61403235, and the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University under Grant No. 2017JC009.
This paper was recommended for publication by Editor HONG Yiguang.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, X., Wang, W., Xu, J. et al. Stackelberg Game Approach to Mixed H2/H∞ Problem for Continuous-Time System. J Syst Sci Complex 32, 1324–1339 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-018-7383-6
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-018-7383-6