Abstract
The stabilization problem for the Schrödinger equation with an input time delay is considered from the view of system equivalence. First, a linear transform from the original system into an exponentially stable system with arbitrary decay rate, also called “target system”, is introduced. The linear transform is constructed via a kind of Volterra-type integration with singular kernels functions. As a result, a feedback control law for the original system is obtained. Secondly, a linear transform from the target system into the original closed-loop system is derived. Finally, the exponential stability with arbitrary decay rate of the closed-loop system is obtained through the established equivalence between the original closed-loop system and the target one. The authors conclude this work with some numerical simulations giving support to the results obtained in this paper.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sriram K and Gopinathan M S, A two variable delay model for the circadian rhythm of Neurospora crassa, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 2004, 231(1): 23–38.
Srividhya J and Gopinathan M S, A simple time delay model for eukaryotic cell cycle, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 2006, 241(3): 617–627.
Michiels W and Niculescu S I, Stability and stabilization of time-delay systems, Advances in Design and Control, SIAM, PA, 2007.
Gumowski I and Mira C, Optimization in Control Theory and Practice, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1968.
Yi S, Nelson P W, and Ulsoy A G, Eigenvalue assignment via the Lambert W function for control of time-delay systems, Journal of Vibration and Control, 2010, 16(7–8): 961–982.
Artstein Z, Linear systems with delayed controls: A reduction, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1982, 27(4): 869–879.
Kwon W and Pearson A, Feedback stabilization of linear systems with delayed control, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1980, 25(2): 266–269.
Richard J P, Time-delay systems: An overview of some recent advances and open problems, Automatica, 2003, 39(10): 1667–1694.
Fleming W H, Report of the panel on future directions in control theory: A mathematical perspective, Soc. for Industrial and Applied Math., Philadelphia, 1988.
Gugat M, Boundary feedback stabilization by time delay for one-dimensional wave equations, IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information, 2010, 27: 189–203.
Wang J M, Guo B Z, and Krstic M, Wave equation stabilization by delays equal to even multiples of the wave propagation time, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 2011, 49(2): 517–554.
Smith O J M, A controller to overcome dead time, ISA Journal, 1959, 6(2): 28–33.
Guo B Z and Yang K Y, Dynamic stabilization of an Euler-Bernoulli beam equation with time delay in boundary observation, Automatica, 2009, 45(6): 1468–1475.
Guo B Z, Xu C Z, and Hammouri H, Output feedback stabilization of a one-dimensional wave equation with an arbitrary time delay in boundary observation, ESAIM Control Optimisation and Calculus of Variations, 2012, 18(1): 22–35.
Shang Y F and Xu G Q, Stabilization of an Euler-Bernoulli beam with input delay in the boundary control, Systems and Control Letters, 2012, 61: 1069–1078.
Han Z J and Xu G Q, Output-based stabilization of Euler-Bernoulli beam with time-delay in boundary input, IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information, 2013, 31: 533–550.
Xu G Q and Wang H X, Stabilization of Timoshenko beam system with delays in the boundary control, International Journal of Control, 2013, 86: 1165–1178.
Shang Y F and Xu G Q, Dynamic feedback control and exponential stabilization of a compound system, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 2015, 422(2): 858–879.
Liu X F and Xu G Q, Exponential stabilization of Timoshenko beam with input and output delays, Mathematical Control and Related Fields, 2016, 6(2): 271–292.
Amini H, Mirrahimi M, and Rouchon P, Stabilization of a delayed quantum system: The photon box case-study, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2012, 57(8): 1918–1930.
Krstic M, Guo B Z, and Smyshlyaev A, Boundary controllers and observers for the linearized Schrödinger equation, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 2011, 49(4): 1479–1497.
Datko R, Not all feedback stabilized hyperbolic systems are robust with respect to small time delays in their feedbacks, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 1988, 26: 697–713.
Datko R, Two questions concerning the boundary control of certain elastic systems, Journal of Differential Equations, 1991, 92(1): 27–44.
Datko R, Two examples of ill-posedness with respect to small time delays in stabilized elastic systems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1993, 38(1): 163–166.
Guo B Z and Yang K Y, Output feedback stabilization of a one-dimensional Schrödinger equation by boundary observation with time delay, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2010, 55: 1226–1232.
Cui H Y, Han Z J, and Xu G Q, Stabilization for Schrödinger equation with a time delay in the boundary input, Applicable Analysis, 2016, 95: 963–977.
Agrachev A A and Sachkov Y L, Feedback and state equivalence of control systems, Control Theory from the Geometric Viewpoint, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2004, 121–136.
O’Halloran J, Feedback equivalence of constant linear systems, Systems and Control Letters, 1987, 8(3): 241–246.
Gardner R B and Shadwick W F, Feedback equivalence of control systems, Systems and Control Letters, 1987, 8(5): 463–465.
Krstic M, Dead-time compensation for wave/string PDEs, Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control, 2011, 133(3).
Krstic M, Control of an unstable reaction-diffusion PDE with long input delay, Systems and Control Letters, 2009, 58(10–11): 773–782.
Krstic M, Delay Compensation for Nonlinear, Adaptive, and PDE Systems, Birkhauser, Boston, 2009.
Quarteroni A, Numerical Models for Differential Problems, Ms & A, Berlin, Germany, 2009.
Krstic M, Guo B Z, and Smyshlyaev A, Boundary controllers and observers for Schrodinger equation, Proc. IEEE Conf. Decision Control, 2007, 4149–4154.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
This research was supported by the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Henan Normal University under Grant No. qd18088, the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61773277 and the Central University Basic Scientific Research Project of Civil Aviation University of China under Grant No. 3122019140.
This paper was recommended for publication by Editor HU Xiaoming.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, Y., Chen, H. & Xie, Y. Stabilization with Arbitrary Convergence Rate for the Schrödinger Equation Subjected to an Input Time Delay. J Syst Sci Complex 34, 975–994 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-020-9294-6
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-020-9294-6