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Visualization of vascular injuries in extremity trauma

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Abstract

A tandem of particle-based computational methods is adapted to simulate injury and hemorrhage in the human body. In order to ensure anatomical fidelity, a three-dimensional model of a targeted portion of the human body is reconstructed from a dense sequence of CT scans of an anonymized patient. Skin, bone and muscular tissue are distinguished in the imaging data and assigned with their respective material properties. An injury geometry is then generated by simulating the mechanics of a ballistic projectile passing through the anatomical model with the material point method. From the injured vascular segments identified in the resulting geometry, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is employed to simulate bleeding, based on inflow boundary conditions obtained from a network model of the systemic arterial tree. Computational blood particles interact with the stationary particles representing impermeable bone and skin and permeable muscular tissue through the Brinkman equations for porous media. The SPH results are rendered in post-processing for improved visual fidelity. The overall simulation strategy is demonstrated on an injury scenario in the lower leg.

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Acknowledgements

This work has been supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant N00014-13-C-0357, monitored by Dr. Ray Perez.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Kwitae Chong & Jeff D. Eldredge

  2. Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Chenfanfu Jiang & Demetri Terzopoulos

  3. Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Daniel Ram & Joseph Teran

  4. Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Anand Santhanam

  5. Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Peyman Benharash & Erik Dutson

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  1. Kwitae Chong
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  2. Chenfanfu Jiang
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  3. Daniel Ram
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  4. Anand Santhanam
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  5. Demetri Terzopoulos
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  6. Peyman Benharash
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  7. Erik Dutson
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  8. Joseph Teran
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  9. Jeff D. Eldredge
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Correspondence to Kwitae Chong.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Chong, K., Jiang, C., Ram, D. et al. Visualization of vascular injuries in extremity trauma. Med Biol Eng Comput 55, 1709–1718 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-017-1619-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-017-1619-9

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