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The advances of topology optimization techniques in orthopedic implants: A review

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Abstract

Metal implants are widely used in the treatment of orthopedic diseases. However, owing to the mismatched elastic modulus of the bone and implants, stress shielding often occurs clinically which can result in failure of the implant or fractures around the implant. Topology optimization (TO) is a technique that can provide more efficient material distribution according to the objective function under the special load and boundary conditions. Several researchers have paid close attention to TO for optimal design of orthopedic implants. Thanks to the development of additive manufacturing (AM), the complex structure of the TO design can be fabricated. This article mainly focuses on the current stage of TO technique with respect to the global layout and hierarchical structure in orthopedic implants. In each aspect, diverse implants in different orthopedic fields related to TO design are discussed. The characteristics of implants, methods of TO, validation methods of the newly designed implants, and limitations of current research have been summarized. The review concludes with future challenges and directions for research.

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Wang TO design of global layout and local structure of implants in diverse fields of orthopedic

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Funding

This work was supported by (1) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 82072456&81802174), (2) the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFB1105100), (3) the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province, P.R.C. (grant numbers 20200404202YY&20200403086SF&20200201453JC), (4) the Department of finance in Jilin province (grant number2019SCZT046&2020SCZT037&201817294302), (5) the Undergraduate teaching reform research project of Jilin University (grant number 4Z2000610852), (6) the Key training plan for outstanding young teachers of Jilin University (grant number 419080520253), (7) the Bethune plan of Jilin University (grant number 470110000692), and (8) the Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, P.R.C. (grant numbers 2018C010).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China

    Naichao Wu, Boyan Zhang, Chenyu Wang, Bingpeng Chen, Qing Han & Jincheng Wang

  2. Dermatological Department, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China

    Shan Li

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  1. Naichao Wu
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  2. Shan Li
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  3. Boyan Zhang
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  4. Chenyu Wang
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  5. Bingpeng Chen
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  6. Qing Han
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  7. Jincheng Wang
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Contributions

The idea was come up with Jincheng Wang and Qing Han. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Naichao Wu. The literature search was performed by Shan Li and Boyan Zhang. This review was revised by Qing Han, Chenyu Wang, and Bingpeng Chen. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Qing Han or Jincheng Wang.

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Wu, N., Li, S., Zhang, B. et al. The advances of topology optimization techniques in orthopedic implants: A review. Med Biol Eng Comput 59, 1673–1689 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-021-02361-7

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