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Deformable registration of trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for focal prostate brachytherapy

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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Focal therapy in low-risk prostate cancer may provide the best balance between cancer control and quality of life preservation. As a minimally invasive approach performed under TRUS guidance, brachytherapy is an appealing framework for focal therapy. However, the contrast in TRUS images is generally insufficient to distinguish the target lesion from normal prostate tissue. MRI usually offers a much better contrast between the lesion and surrounding tissues. Registration between TRUS and MRI may therefore significantly improve lesion targeting capability in focal prostate brachytherapy. In this paper, we present a deformable registration framework for the accurate fusion of TRUS and MRI prostate volumes under large deformations arising from dissimilarities in diameter, shape and orientation between endorectal coils and TRUS probes.

Methods

Following pose correction by a RANSAC implementation of the ICP algorithm, TRUS and MRI Prostate contour points are represented by a 3D extension of the shape-context descriptor and matched by the Hungarian algorithm. Eventually, a smooth free-form warping is computed by fitting a 3D B-spline mesh to the set of matched points.

Results

Quantitative validation of the registration accuracy is provided on a retrospective set of ten real cases, using as landmarks either brachytherapy seeds (six cases) or external beam radiotherapy fiducials (four cases) implanted and visible in both modalities. The average registration error between the landmarks was 2.49 and 3.20 mm, for the brachytherapy and external beam sets, respectively, that is less than the MRI voxels’ long axis length (\({=}3.6\,\hbox { mm}\)). The overall average registration error (for brachytherapy and external beam datasets together) was 2.56 mm.

Conclusions

The proposed method provides a promising framework for TRUS–MRI registration in focal prostate brachytherapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Diagnostic Imaging Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel

    Arnaldo Mayer, Adi Zholkover, Orith Portnoy & Eli Konen

  2. Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel

    Arnaldo Mayer, Orith Portnoy, Gil Raviv, Eli Konen & Zvi Symon

  3. Department of Urology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel

    Gil Raviv

  4. Department of Radiation Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel

    Zvi Symon

Authors
  1. Arnaldo Mayer
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  2. Adi Zholkover
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  3. Orith Portnoy
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  4. Gil Raviv
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  5. Eli Konen
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Correspondence to Arnaldo Mayer.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Mayer, A., Zholkover, A., Portnoy, O. et al. Deformable registration of trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for focal prostate brachytherapy. Int J CARS 11, 1015–1023 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-016-1380-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-016-1380-9

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