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Alignment of the lower extremity mechanical axis by computer-aided design and application in total knee arthroplasty

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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The success of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) depends on many factors. The position of a prosthesis is vitally important. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the value of a computer-aided establishing lower extremity mechanical axis in TKA using digital technology.

Methods

A total of 36 cases of patients with TKA were randomly divided into the computer-aided design of navigation template group (NT) and conventional intramedullary positioning group (CIP). Three-dimensional (3D) CT scanning images of the hip, knee, and ankle were obtained in NT group. X-ray images and CT scans were transferred into the 3D reconstruction software. A 3D bone model of the hip, knee, ankle, as well as the modified loading, was reconstructed and saved in a stereolithographic format. In the 3D reconstruction model, the mechanical axis of the lower limb was determined, and the navigational templates produced an accurate model using a rapid prototyping technique. The THA in CIP group was performed according to a routine operation. CT scans were performed postoperatively to evaluate the accuracy of the two TKA methods.

Results

The averaged operative time of the NT group procedures was \(46.8\pm 9.1\) min shorter than those of the conventional procedures (\(57.5\pm 12.3\)  min). The coronal femoral angle, coronal tibial angle, posterior tibial slope were \(89.4^{\circ }\pm 1.5^{\circ }\), \(89.3^{\circ }\pm 1.4^{\circ }\), \(6.8^{\circ }\pm 1.6^{\circ }\) in NT group and \(87.3^{\circ }\pm 3.8^{\circ }\), \(88.1^{\circ }\pm 1.9^{\circ }\), \(10.9^{\circ }\pm 4.6^{\circ }\) in CIP group, respectively. Statistically significant group differences were found.

Conclusions

The navigation template produced through mechanical axis of lower extremity may provide a relative accurate and simple method for TKA.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81160229) and Nature Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China (Grant No. 2014MS0851).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China

    Yuan Z. Zhang & Jian M. Zhao

  2. Department of Orthopaedics, Kunming General Hospital, PLA, Kunming, People’s Republic of China

    Sheng Lu

  3. Department of Special Diagnosis, Inner Mongolia Unit hospital of Chinese Armed Police Force, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China

    Hui Q. Zhang

  4. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China

    Zhong M. Jin

  5. Department of Joint surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China

    Jian Huang & Zhi F. Zhang

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  1. Yuan Z. Zhang
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Correspondence to Yuan Z. Zhang.

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Zhang, Y.Z., Lu, S., Zhang, H.Q. et al. Alignment of the lower extremity mechanical axis by computer-aided design and application in total knee arthroplasty. Int J CARS 11, 1881–1890 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-016-1382-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-016-1382-7

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