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Energy-efficient image compression algorithm for high-frame rate multi-view wireless capsule endoscopy

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Abstract

The design, architecture and VLSI implementation of an image compression algorithm for high-frame rate, multi-view wireless endoscopy is presented. By operating directly on Bayer color filter array image the algorithm achieves both high overall energy efficiency and low implementation cost. It uses two-dimensional discrete cosine transform to decorrelate image values in each \(4\times 4\) block. Resulting coefficients are encoded by a new low-complexity yet efficient entropy encoder. An adaptive deblocking filter on the decoder side removes blocking effects and tiling artifacts on very flat image, which enhance the final image quality. The proposed compressor, including a 4 KB FIFO, a parallel to serial converter and a forward error correction encoder, is implemented in 180 nm CMOS process. It consumes 1.32 mW at 50 frames per second (fps) and only 0.68 mW at 25 fps at 3 MHz clock. Low silicon area 1.1 mm \(\times\) 1.1 mm, high energy efficiency (27 \(\upmu\)J/frame) and throughput offer excellent scalability to handle image processing tasks in new, emerging, multi-view, robotic capsules.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland under Grant AGH-11.11.120.774.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland

    Paweł Turcza

  2. Department of Health Promotion, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka Str. 20, 31-531, Krakow, Poland

    Mariusz Duplaga

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  1. Paweł Turcza
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  2. Mariusz Duplaga
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Correspondence to Paweł Turcza.

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Turcza, P., Duplaga, M. Energy-efficient image compression algorithm for high-frame rate multi-view wireless capsule endoscopy. J Real-Time Image Proc 16, 1425–1437 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-016-0653-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-016-0653-4

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