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Real-time estimation for the parameters of Gaussian filtering via deep learning

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Abstract

Driven by the development of digital technology, manipulation towards digital images becomes simpler than ever before in recent years. Many smartphone applications bring the convenience for ordinary people to edit images in real-time without any professional skills. The digital forensics is an important research field in information security against the situation. In image forensics, it is necessary to validate all possible manipulation during the forming history of given images. Thus, many image forensics researchers focus on detecting certain manipulations to protect the integrity of images such as verifying Gaussian filtering. However, these works tend to make binary classification that if the image is processed by certain manipulation or not. The classification of same manipulation based on parameters are ignored. Here, we propose a method to estimate the parameters of Gaussian filtering to process images based on convolutional neural networks (CNN). Besides, in the modern world, it is also extremely important to enable the simulation in real-time to process with the given data immediately. The proposed method can also validate the given image in a quite short time. Our experiments show that the proposed method can provide excellent real-time performance in estimating the window size and standard deviation of Gaussian filterings. The well-trained model can satisfy us with not only the estimation accuracy, but also the validation time simultaneously.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61872350 and Grant 61572489, in part by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS under Grant 2015299, in part by the Basic Research Program of Shenzhen under Grant JCYJ20170818163403748, and in part by the Shenzhen Discipline Construction Project for Urban Computing and Data Intelligence.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Feng Ding

  2. New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA

    Yuxi Shi & Yun-qing Shi

  3. Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China

    Guopu Zhu

Authors
  1. Feng Ding
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  2. Yuxi Shi
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  3. Guopu Zhu
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  4. Yun-qing Shi
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Correspondence to Guopu Zhu.

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Ding, F., Shi, Y., Zhu, G. et al. Real-time estimation for the parameters of Gaussian filtering via deep learning. J Real-Time Image Proc 17, 17–27 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-019-00907-5

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