Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Heartbeat biometrics for human authentication

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Signal, Image and Video Processing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Automated security is one of the major concerns of modern times. Secure and reliable authentication systems are in great demand. A biometric trait like the electrocardiogram (ECG) of a person is unique and secure. In this paper, we propose an authentication technique based on Radon transform. Here, ECG wave is considered as an image and Radon transform is applied on this image. Standardized Euclidean distance is applied on the Radon image to get a feature vector. Correlation coefficient between such two feature vectors is computed to authenticate a person. False Acceptance Ratio of the proposed system is found to be 2.19% and False Rejection Ratio is 0.128%. We have developed two more approaches based on statistical features of an ECG wave as our ground work. The result of proposed technique is compared with these two approaches and also with other state-of-the-art alternatives.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jain A.K., Ross A., Prabhakar S.: An introduction to biometric recognition. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. 14(1), 4–20 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Boles, W., Chu, S.: Personal identification using images of the human palm. In: Proceedings of the IEEE TENCON Conference (1997)

  3. Hegde, C., Manu, S., Deepa Shenoy, P. Venugopal, K.R., Patnaik, L.M.: Secure authentication using image processing and visual cryptography for banking applications. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Computing (ADCOM-2008), pp. 65–72, December (2008)

  4. Boles, W.: A security system based on human iris identification using wavelet transforms. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference Knowledge-Based Intelligent Electron Systems (1997)

  5. Samal A., Iyengar P.: Automatic recognition and analysis of human faces and facial expressions: a survey. Pattern Recognit. 25(1), 65–77 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Hegde, C., Srinath, U.S., Aravind Kumar, R., Rashmi, D.R., Sathish, S., Deepa Shenoy, P., Venugopal, K.R., Patnaik, L.M.: Ear pattern recognition using centroids and cross-points for robust authentication. In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Human and Computer Interaction (IHCI-2010), pp. 378–384 (2010)

  7. Dumn, D.: Using a multi-layer perceptron neural for human voice identification. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference Signal Processing and Application Technologies (1993)

  8. Hegde, C., Rahul Prabhu, H., Sagar, D.S., Vishnu Prasad, K., Deepa Shenoy, P., Venugopal, K.R., Patnaik, L.M.: Authentication of damaged hand vein patterns by modularization. In: Proceedings of IEEE Region Ten Conference (TENCON-2009) (2009)

  9. Simon B.P., Eswaran C.: An ECG classifier designed using modified decision based neural network. Comput. Biomed. Res. 30, 257–272 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Chan, A.D.C., Hamdy, M. M., Badre, A., Badee, V.: Person identification using electrocardiograms. In: IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE ’06.), pp. 1–4, May (2006)

  11. Biel L., Pettersson O., Philipson L., Wide P.: ECG analysis: a new approach in human identification. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 50(3), 808–812 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Rijnbeek P.R., Witsenburg M., Schrama E., Hess J., Kors J.A.: New normal limits for the pediatric electrocardiogram. Eur. Heart J. 22, 702–711 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Esbensen, K., Schonkopf, S., Midtgaard, T.: Multivarate analysis in practice. 1st ed. vol. 1 (1997)

  14. Agrafioti, F., Hatzinakos, D.: Fusion of ECG sources for human identification. In: International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing, pp. 1542–1547 (2008)

  15. Wang, Y., Plataniotis, K. N., Hatzinakos, D.: Integrating analytic and appearance attributes for human identification from ECG signals. In: Biometric Symposium (2006)

  16. Shen, T.W., Tompkins, W.J., Hu, Y.H.: One-lead ECG for identity verification. In: Proceedings of Second Joint Conference of IEEE EMBS/BMES, pp. 62–63 (2002)

  17. Kung S.Y., Taur J.S.: Decision-based neural networks with signal/image classification applications. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. 6(1), 170–181 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Pan J., Tompkins W.J.: A real time QRS detection algorithm. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 33(3), 230–236 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Plataniotis, K.N., Hatzinakos, D., Lee, J. K.M.: ECG biometric recognition without fiducial detection. In: Biometric Sysposium (2006)

  20. Agrafioti, F., Hatzinakos, D.: ECG based recognition using second order statistics. In: Communication Networks and Services Research Conference, pp. 82–87 (2008)

  21. Singh, Y.N., Gupta, P.: Biometrics method for human identification using electrocardiogram. In: Proceedings of ICB, pp. 1270–1279 (2009)

  22. Swamy, P., Jayaraman, S., Chandra, M.G.: An improved method for digital time series signal generation from scanned ECG records. In: International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Technology (ICBBT) pp. 400–403 (2010)

  23. Khalil, I., Sufi, F.: Legendre polynomials based biometric authentication using QRS complex of ECG. In: The International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP), pp. 297–302 (2008)

  24. Jose, C.R.S., Fred, A.L.N.: A biometric identification system based on thyroid tissue echo-morphology. In: International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies, pp. 186–193 (2009)

  25. Chen, B., Chandran, V.: Biometric based cryptographic key generation from faces. In: Proceedings of the 9th Biennial Conference of the Australian Pattern Recognition Society on Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications, pp. 394–401 (2007)

  26. Boulgouris N.V., Chi Z.X.: Gait recognition using radon transform and linear discriminant analysis. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 16(3), 731–740 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. Ariyapreechakul, P., Covavisaruch, N.: Personal verification and identification via iris pattern using radon transform. In: Proceedings of First National Conference on Computing and Information Technology, pp. 287–292 (2005)

  28. Laguna, P., Mark, R.G., Goldberger, A.L., Moody, G.B.: A database for evaluation of algorithms for measurement of QT and Other waveform intervals in the ECG. Computers in Cardiology, pp. 673–676 (1997)

  29. Hegde, C., Prabhu, H.R., Sagar, D.S., Shenoy, P.D., Venugopal, K.R., Patnaik, L.M.: Statistical analysis for human authentication using ECG waves. In: Accepted for Publication at 5th International Conference on Information Systems, Technology and Management (ICISTM)-2011. To be published by Springer Series in Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS)

  30. Hegde, C., Prabhu, H.R., Sagar, D.S., Shenoy, P.D., Venugopal, K.R., Patnaik, L.M.: Human authentication based on ECG waves using radon transform. In: Proceedings of SecTech/DRBC 2010, Springer Series in CCIS 122, pp. 197–206 (2010)

  31. Agraoti, F., Hatzinakos, D.: Signal validation for cardiac biometrics In: Proceedings of IEEE ICASSP 2010, pp. 1734–1737 (2010)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. RNS Institute of Technology, Bangalore, 560 061, India

    Chetana Hegde

  2. Department of CSE, UVCE, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 001, India

    H. Rahul Prabhu, D. S. Sagar, P. Deepa Shenoy & K. R. Venugopal

  3. DIAT, Pune, India

    L. M. Patnaik

Authors
  1. Chetana Hegde
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. Rahul Prabhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. D. S. Sagar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. P. Deepa Shenoy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. K. R. Venugopal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. L. M. Patnaik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chetana Hegde.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hegde, C., Prabhu, H.R., Sagar, D.S. et al. Heartbeat biometrics for human authentication. SIViP 5, 485–493 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-011-0252-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-011-0252-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation