Abstract
Reconfigurability with extremely low hardware complexity is the demanding requirement of today’s 5G world. The use of Farrow structure-based design of variable bandwidth (VBW) filters can effectively realize tunability in the filter structure with minimum hardware overhead. Low-complexity VBW filters play a vital role in applications such as spectrum hole detection, where reconfigurability is to be ensured with minimum delay, along with minimum power and area utilization. This paper proposes a novel reconfigurable filter structure based on Farrow filters and frequency translation, for effective detection of spectrum holes of any arbitrary bandwidth, available within the user-occupied and user-unoccupied frequency bands. The precise spectrum hole detection from the occupied spectral bands, with an added advantage of reduced hardware complexity, is an attractive feature of the proposed approach, that can effectively replace the existing filter bank-based detection methods.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Haykin, S.: Cognitive radio: brain-empowered wireless communications. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 23(2), 201–220 (2005)
Ercan, A.O.: Analysis of asynchronous cognitive radio system with imperfect sensing and bursty primary user traffic. Signal Image Video Process. 10(3), 593–600 (2016)
Farhang-Boroujeny, B.: Filter bank spectrum sensing for cognitive radios. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 56(5), 1801–1811 (2008)
Luo, L., Neihart, N.M., Roy, S., Allstot, D.J.: A two-stage sensing technique for dynamic spectrum access. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 8(6), 3028–3037 (2009)
Cui, Y., Zhao, Z., Zhang, H.: An efficient filter banks based multicarrier system in cognitive radio networks. Radioengineering 19(4), 479–487 (2010)
Maliatsos, K., Adamis, A., Kanatas, A.G.: Elaborate analysis and design of filter-bank-based sensing for wideband cognitive radios. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. 2014, 82–121 (2014)
Raghu, I., Chowdary, S. S., Elias, E. : Efficient spectrum sensing for cognitive radio using cosine modulated filter banks. In: IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON), pp. 2086–2089 (2016)
Mahesh, R., Vinod, A.P.: A low-complexity flexible spectrum-sensing scheme for mobile cognitive radio terminals. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Exp. Briefs 58(6), 371–375 (2011)
Vellaisamy, S., Elias, E.: Design of hardware-efficient digital hearing aids using non-uniform MDFT filter banks. Signal Image Video Process. 12, 1–8 (2017)
Gawande, J.P., Rahulkar, A.D., Holambe, R.S.: Design of new class of regular biorthogonal wavelet filter banks using generalized and hybrid lifting structures. Signal Image Video Process. 9(1), 265273 (2015)
Farrow, C.W.: A continuously variable digital delay element. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst. (ISCAS) 3, 2641–2645 (1988)
Johansson, H., Gustafsson, O.: Linear-phase FIR interpolation, decimation, and mth-band filters utilizing the Farrow structure. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I Regul. Pap. 52(10), 2197–2207 (2005)
Haridas, N., Elias, E.: Reconfigurable farrow structure-based FRM filters for wireless communication systems. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 36(1), 315–338 (2017)
Bindima, T., Elias, E.: A novel design and implementation technique for low complexity variable digital filters using multi-objective artificial bee colony optimization and a minimal spanning tree approach. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 59, 133–147 (2017)
Rabiner, L.R., McClellan, J.H., Parks, T.W.: FIR digital filter design techniques using weighted Chebyshev approximation. Proc. IEEE 63(4), 595–610 (1975)
Raghu, I., Elias, E.: Low complexity spectrum sensing technique for cognitive radio using Farrow Structure Digital Filters. Eng. Sci. Tech. Int. J. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2018.04.012
Liang, Y.C., Zeng, Y., Peh, E.C., Hoang, A.T.: Sensing-throughput tradeoff for cognitive radio networks. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 7(4), 1326–1337 (2008)
Wang, N., Gao, Y., Zhang, X.: Adaptive spectrum sensing algorithm under different primary user utilizations. IEEE Commun. Lett. 17(9), 1838–1841 (2013)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Indrakanti, R., Elias, E. Design of low-complexity Farrow structure-based reconfigurable filters for parallel spectrum hole detection. SIViP 13, 787–794 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-019-01414-7
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-019-01414-7