Skip to main content
Log in

On the way to understanding binge watching behavior: the over-estimated role of involvement

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Electronic Markets Aims and scope Submit manuscript

A Correction to this article was published on 15 November 2017

This article has been updated

Abstract

Watching television shows using online television streaming services, such as Netflix, Hulu, and Youku, has mushroomed in the recent years. Along with these services, binge watching, defined as an act of consuming more than one episode of a television show in quick succession, has become a widespread behavior. Yet, it has received very little attention from academics. This study conceptualizes binge watching and examines its effect on satisfaction. We present binge watching as a two-dimensional system usage concept, including behavioral and cognitive involvement components. Using these components, we then study their impact on user satisfaction. We test our explorative approach with a sample of 227 respondents using Partial Least Squares modeling. The results support heterogeneous view of online television streaming service use. That is, involvement with binge watching is over-estimated and does not define user satisfaction. Our study contributes to online consumer behavior research as well as the information systems literature by investigating binge watching as a distinct form of technology use.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

Change history

  • 15 November 2017

    The original version of this paper unfortunately incorrectly captured the affiliation of Dr. Matti Mäntymäki and is now corrected on this article.

  • 15 November 2017

    The original version of this paper unfortunately incorrectly captured the affiliation of Dr. Matti M��ntym��ki and is now corrected on this article.

  • 15 November 2017

    The original version of this paper unfortunately incorrectly captured the affiliation of Dr. Matti M��ntym��ki and is now corrected on this article.

Notes

  1. Likert scale response options (behavioral involvement): ‘always’, ‘often’, ‘sometimes’, ‘seldom’, ‘never’.

References

  • Abbott, A. (2014). The problem of excess. Sociological Theory, 32(1), 1–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agarwal, R., & Karahanna, E. (2000). Time flies when you're having fun: Cognitive absorption and beliefs about information technology usage. MIS Quarterly, 24(4), 665–694.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arris Investors. (2015). Press release. Retrieved from http://ir.arris.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=87823&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=2069771

  • Baker, A. E. (1854). Glossary of Northamptonshire words and phrases: With examples of their colloquial use, and illustrations from various authors: To which are added, the customs of the county. London: J.R. Smith.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barki, H., Titah, R., & Boffo, C. (2007). Information system use-related activity: An expanded behavioral conceptualization of individual-level information system use. Information Systems Research, 18(2), 173–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barkin, S. R., & Dickson, G. W. (1977). An investigation of information system utilization. Information Management, 1(1), 35–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berridge, V., Herring, R., & Thom, B. (2009). Second opinions on binge drinking: A confused concept and its contemporary history. Social History of Medicine, 22(3), 597–607.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacherjee, A. (2001a). An empirical analysis of the antecedents of electronic commerce service continuance. Decision Support Systems, 32(2), 201–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacherjee, A. (2001b). Understanding information systems continuance: An expectation-confirmation model. MIS Quarterly, 25(3), 351–370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Black, D. W. (2007). A review of compulsive buying disorder. World Psychiatry, 6(1), 14–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bokhari, R. H. (2005). The relationship between system usage and user satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 18(2), 211–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burns, J. J., & Anderson, D. R. (1991). Cognition and watching television. In D. E. Tupper & K. D. Cicerone (Eds.), The neuropsychology of everyday life: Issues in development and rehabilitation (pp. 93–108). Boston: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Burton-Jones, A. (2005). New perspectives on the system usage construct. (Unpublished Doctoral dissertation). Department of Computer Information System, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.

  • Burton-Jones, A., & Straub, D. W. (2006). Reconceptualizing system usage: An approach and empirical test. Information Systems Research, 17(3), 228–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chiu, C., Chiu, C., & Chang, H. (2007). Examining the integrated influence of fairness and quality on learners' satisfaction and web-based learning continuance intention. Information Systems Journal, 17(3), 271–287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1991). Flow, the psychology of optimal experience. New York: HarperPerennial.

    Google Scholar 

  • DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (1992). Information systems success: The quest for the dependent variable. Information Systems Research, 3(1), 60–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doll, W. J., & Torkzadeh, G. (1998). Developing a multidimensional measure of system-use in an organizational context. Information Management, 33(4), 171–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elie-Dit-Cosaque, C. M., & Straub, D. W. (2011). Opening the black box of system usage: User adaptation to disruptive IT. European Journal of Information Systems, 20(5), 589–607.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Faber, R. J., Christenson, G. A., De Zwaan, M., & Mitchell, J. (1995). Two forms of compulsive consumption: Comorbidity of compulsive buying and binge eating. Journal of Consumer Research, 22(3), 296–304.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fazio, R. H., & Zanna, M. P. (1981). Direct experience and attitude-behavior consistency. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (6) (pp. 161–202). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Folkes, V. S. (1984). Consumer reactions to product failure: An attributional approach. Journal of Consumer Research, 10(4), 398–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fowler Jr., F. J. (1995). Improving survey questions: Design and evaluation. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glebatis Perks, L. (2014). Media marathoning: Immersions in morality. New York: Lexington Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guimaraes, T., Yoon, Y., & Clevenson, A. B. (1996). Factors important to expert systems success a field test. Information Management, 30(3), 119–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(3), 414–433.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris Interactive. (2013). Americans taking advantage of ability to watch TV on their own schedule. Retrieved from http://www.harrisinteractive.com/NewsRoom/HarrisPolls/tabid/447/ctl/ReadCustom%20Default/mid/1508/ArticleId/1176/Default.aspx

  • Hornshaw, P., & Rosenberg, S. (2017). TV shows you should binge-watch right now, from 'OITNB' to 'better caul Saul'. Retrieved from http://www.thewrap.com/tv-shows-you-should-binge-watch-right-now-from-oitnb-to-better-call-saul-photos/

  • Hu, T., & Zhang, P. (2016). Social media usage as a formative construct: Conceptualization, validation, and implication. Journal of Information Technology Management, 27(4), 151–168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, H. K. (1977). Conceptualization and measurement of consumer satisfaction and dissatisfaction. In H. K. Hunt (Ed.), CS/D - overview and future research directions (pp. 455–488). Cambridge: Marketing Science Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, D., Geiger-Oneto, S., & Varca, P. E. (2012). Satisfaction in the context of customer co-production: A behavioral involvement perspective. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 11(5), 347–356.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iivari, J. (2005). An empirical test of the DeLone-McLean model of information system success. ACM SIGMIS Database, 36(2), 8–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jellinek, E. M. (1952). Phases of alcohol addiction. Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 13(4), 673–684.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jenner, M. (2016). Is this TVIV? On Netflix, TVIII and binge-watching. New Media & Society, 18(2), 257–273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jenner, M. (2017). Binge-watching: Video on demand, quality TV and mainstreaming fandom. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 20(3), 304–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jurgensen, J. (2012). Binge viewing: TV's lost weekends. Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303740704577521300806686174.html

  • Karmakar, M., Sloan Kruger, J., Elhai, J., & Kramer, A. (2015). Viewing patterns and addiction to television among adults who self-identify as binge-watchers. APHA Annual Meeting & Expo. Retrieved from https://apha.confex.com/apha/143am/webprogram/Paper335049.html.

  • Kellett, S., & Bolton, J. V. (2009). Compulsive buying: A cognitive–behavioural model. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 16(2), 83–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khalifa, M., & Liu, V. (2004). The state of research on information system satisfaction. Journal of Information Technology, Theory and Applications, 5(4), 37–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Locke, E. A. (1967). Relationship of success and expectation to affect on goal-seeking tasks. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 7(2), 125–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mathes, W. F., Brownley, K. A., Mo, X., & Bulik, C. M. (2009). The biology of binge eating. Appetite, 52(3), 545–553.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matrix, S. (2014). The Netflix effect: Teens, binge watching, and on-demand digital media trends. Jeunesse: Young People, Texts, Cultures, 6(1), 119–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGill, A. L., & Iacobucci, D. (1992). The role of post-experience comparison standards in the evaluation of unfamiliar services. Advances in Consumer Research, 19, 570–578.

    Google Scholar 

  • McIlwraith, R. D. (1998). "I'm addicted to television": The personality, imagination, and TV watching patterns of self-identified TV addicts. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 42(3), 371–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Netflix. (2013). Netflix declares binge watching is the new normal. Retrieved from https://pr.netflix.com/WebClient/getNewsSummary.do?newsId=496

  • Nielsen. (2013). "Binging" is the new viewing for over-the-top streamers. Retrieved from http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/newswire/2013/binging-is-the-new-viewing-for-over-the-top-streamers.html

  • Oliver, R. L. (1980). A cognitive model of the antecedents and consequences of satisfaction decisions. Journal of Marketing Research, 17(4), 460–469.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, R. L. (1993). Cognitive, affective, and attribute bases of the satisfaction response. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(3), 418–430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, R. L., & Gerald, L. (1981). Effect of satisfaction and its antecedents on consumer preference and intention. Advances in Consumer Research, 8(1), 88–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oxford University Press. (2014). OUP archives. Retrieved from http://oupacademic.tumblr.com/post/96303724999/archives-binge-watch?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=oupacademic&utm_campaign=tumblr

  • Patterson, P., Yu, T., & de Ruyter, K. (2006). Understanding customer engagement in services. Proceedings of ANZMAC 2006 Conference: Advancing Theory, Maintaining Relevance, Brisbane, Australia.

  • Petter, S., DeLone, W., & McLean, E. (2008). Measuring information systems success: Models, dimensions, measures, and interrelationships. European Journal of Information Systems, 17(3), 236–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pittman, M., & Sheehan, K. (2015). Sprinting a media marathon: Uses and gratifications of binge-watching television through Netflix. First Monday, 20(10). Retrieved from http://firstmonday.org/article/view/6138/4999.

  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J.D. Power. (2016). Streaming video customer satisfaction highest when paired with pay TV subscription, J.D. power finds. Retrieved from http://www.jdpower.com/press-releases/jd-power-2016-streaming-video-satisfaction-study

  • Rai, A., Lang, S. S., & Welker, R. B. (2002). Assessing the validity of IS success models: An empirical test and theoretical analysis. Information Systems Research, 13(1), 50–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ringle, C. M., Wende, S. & Will, S. (2005). SmartPLS 2.0 (M3) beta. Retrieved from http://www.smartpls.de

  • Rothbard, N. P. (2001). Enriching or depleting? The dynamics of engagement in work and family roles. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(4), 655–684.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salovaara, A., Öörni, A., & Sokura, B. (2013). Heterogeneous use for multiple purposes: A point of concern to IS use models' validity. In Proceedings of the 34 Th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2013). Milano: Italy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schweidel, D. A., & Moe, W. W. (2016). Binge watching and advertising. Journal of Marketing, 80(September), 1-19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seddon, P. (1997). A respecification and extension of the DeLone and McLean. Information Systems Research, 8(3), 240–253.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spangler, T. (2015). Netflix far outstrips rivals on hours viewed, satisfaction, survey: Retrieved from http://variety.com/2015/digital/news/netflix-far-outstrips-rivals-on-hours-viewed-satisfaction-survey-1201407066/

  • Straub, D., Limayem, M., & Evaristo-Karahanna, E. (1995). Measuring system usage: Implications for IS theory testing. Management Science, 41(8), 1328–1343.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stunkard, A. J. (1959). Eating patterns and obesity. Psychiatric Quarterly, 33(2), 284–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Subramani, M. (2004). How do suppliers benefit from information technology use in supply chain relationships? MIS Quarterly, 28(1), 45–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sung, Y. H., Kang, E. Y., & Lee, W. (2015). A bad habit for your health? An exploration of psychological factors for binge-watching behavior. 65 th ICA Annual Conference, Puerto Rico.

  • Trouleau, W., Ashkan, A., Ding, W., & Eriksson, B. (2016). Just one more: Modeling binge watching behavior. ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 1224.

  • Walton-Pattison, E., Dombrowski, S. U., & Presseau, J. (2016). 'Just one more episode': Frequency and theoretical correlates of television binge watching. Journal of Health Psychology, xx(xx), xx–xx.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wechsler, H., Davenport, A., Dowdall, G., Moeykens, B., & Castillo, S. (1994). Health and behavioral consequences of binge drinking in college: A national survey of students at 140 campuses. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 272(21), 1672–1677.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Westbrook, R. A., & Reilly, M. D. (1983). Value-percept disparity: An alternative to the disconfirmation of expectations theory of consumer satisfaction. Advances in Consumer Research, 10(1), 256–261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Withington, P. (2011). Intoxicants and society in early modern England. The Historical Journal, 54(3), 631–657.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ZenithOptimedia. (2014). China media & digital scene 2014. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/ZenithOptimediaChina/zenithoptimedia-china-media-scene-2014

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jani Merikivi.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Thomas Hess

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Merikivi, J., Salovaara, A., Mäntymäki, M. et al. On the way to understanding binge watching behavior: the over-estimated role of involvement. Electron Markets 28, 111–122 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-017-0271-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-017-0271-4

Keywords

JEL classification

Navigation