Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Fuel spray visualization and its impingement analysis on in-cylinder surfaces in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine

  • Regular Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Visualization Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Experiments are performed to investigate the effects of fuel spray on in-cylinder mixture preparation and its impingement on cylinder walls and piston top inside a direct-injection spark-ignition engine with optical access to the cylinder. Novel image processing algorithms are developed to analyze the fuel impingement quantitatively on in-cylinder surfaces. The technique is useful to optimize the fuel pressure, injection timing and the number of injections to minimize the fuel impingement on in-cylinder surfaces. E85, which represents a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline (by volume) is used in this study. Two types of fuel injectors are used; (i) low-pressure production-intent injector with fuel pressure of 3 MPa, and (ii) high-pressure production injector with fuel pressures of 5 and 10 MPa. In addition, the effects of split injection are also presented by maintaining the same amount of fuel used in single injection. It is found that the split injection is an effective way to reduce the overall fuel impingement on in-cylinder surfaces while maintaining a reasonably good air–fuel mixture in the cylinder.

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aleiferis PG, Malcolm JS, Todd AR, Cairns A, Hoffmann H (2008) An optical study of spray development and combustion of ethanol, iso-octane and gasoline blends in a DISI engine. SAE Paper 2008-01-0073

  • Cronhjort A, Wahlin F (2004) Segmentation algorithm for diesel spray image analysis. Appl Opt 43(32):5971–5980. doi:10.1364/AO.43.005971

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grimaldi CN, Postriot L, Stan C, Troger R (2000) Analysis method for the spray characteristics of a GDI system with high pressure modulation. SAE Paper 2000-01-1043

  • Hennessey R, Fuentes A, Wicker R (2001) Effect of injection timing on piston surface fuel impingement and vaporization in direct-injection spark-ignition engines. SAE Paper 2001-01-2025

  • Hung DLS, Chmiel DM, Markle LE (2003) Application of an imaging-based diagnostic technique to quantify the fuel spray variations in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine. SAE Paper 2003-01-0062

  • Hung DLS, Zhu G, Winkelman JR, Stuecken T, Schock H, Fedewa A (2007) A high speed flow visualization study of fuel spray pattern effect on mixture formation in a low pressure direct injection gasoline engine. SAE Paper 2007-01-1411

  • Kawajiri K, Yonezawa T, Ohuchi H, Sumida M, Katashiba H (2002) Study of interaction between spray and air motion, and spray wall impingement. SAE Paper 2002-01-0836

  • Mittal M, Schock HJ (2010) A study of cycle-to-cycle variations and the influence of charge motion control on in-cylinder flow in an I.C. engine. ASME J Fluids Eng, 132(5):1–8, 051107

    Google Scholar 

  • Mittal M, Zhu G, Stuecken T, Schock H (2009) Effects of pre-injection on combustion characteristics of a single cylinder diesel engine. In: Proceedings of the ASME international mechanical engineering congress and exposition, Paper IMECE2009-10493

  • Mittal M, Hung DLS, Zhu G, Schock H (2010) A study of fuel impingement analysis on in-cylinder surfaces in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine with gasoline and ethanol-gasoline blended fuels. SAE Powertrains, Fuels and Lubricants Meeting, Paper No. 2010-01-2153

  • Park J, Xie X, Im KS, Kim H, Lai MC, Yang J, Han Z, Anderson RW (1999) Characteristics of direct-injection gasoline spray wall impingement at elevated temperature conditions. SAE Paper 1999-01-3662

  • Pereira JS, Aleiferis PG, Richardson D, Wallace S (2007) Spray development, flow interactions and wall impingement in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine. SAE Paper 2007-01-2712

  • Shapiro LG, Stockman GC (2001) Computer vision. London, Prentice-Hall

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoo JH, Kim SK, Zhao FQ, Lai MC (1998) Visulization of direct-injection gasoline spray and wall- impingement inside a motoring engine. SAE Paper 982702

  • Zhu G, Haskara I, Winkelman J (2007) Closed loop ignition timing control using ionization current feedback. IEEE Trans Control Syst Technol 15(3):416–427. doi:10.1109/TCST.2007.894634

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DE-FC26-07NT43275.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Mayank Mittal

    Present address: Caterpillar Inc., Mossville, IL, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Mayank Mittal, Guoming Zhu & Harold J. Schock

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai, China

    David L. S. Hung

Authors
  1. Mayank Mittal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. David L. S. Hung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Guoming Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Harold J. Schock
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mayank Mittal.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mittal, M., Hung, D.L.S., Zhu, G. et al. Fuel spray visualization and its impingement analysis on in-cylinder surfaces in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine. J Vis 14, 149–160 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-011-0083-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-011-0083-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation