Skip to main content
Log in

Resizing geovisualization with density map via a map collage

  • Regular Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Visualization Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The extensive distribution of portable digital devices brings demands of adapting media to restricted display spaces or various aspect ratios. Most existing content-aware visualization resizing approaches introduce nonlinear deformation to enhance or preserve salient areas while squeezing non-salient ones. Their deformation on image-based geographic context could cause confusion and make it harder to interpret by the general mobile user. In this paper, we describe a deformation-free approach to resize the geovisualization using density map, resulting in a collage layout of sub-maps, called map collage. We show our technique of constructing a collage layout for one frame of geospatial data and a strategy of extending it to the temporal dimension. We demonstrate the results on two sets of geotemporal data and conducted a survey comparing our method, the seam carving, and the uniform scaling, which shows that ours is more preferred than the other two.

Graphic abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. http://aqicn.org

References

  • Aitchison A (2011) The google maps/bing maps spherical mercator projection. http://www.alastairawordpresscom/2011/01/23/the-google-maps-bing-maps-spherical-mercator-projection. Accessed 14 Apr 2014

  • Aurenhammer F (1987) Power diagrams: properties, algorithms and applications. SIAM J Comput 16(1):78–96

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Avidan S, Shamir A (2007) Seam carving for content-aware image resizing. ACM Trans Graph 26(3):10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balzer M, Deussen O (2005) Voronoi treemaps. In: 2005 IEEE symposium on information visualization, pp 49–56

  • Buchin K, Speckmann B, Verdonschot S (2012) Evolution strategies for optimizing rectangular cartograms. In: 2012 7th international conference on geographic information science. Springer, pp 29–42

  • Dorling D (1996) Area cartograms: their use and creation, concepts and techniques in modern geography, vol 59. University of East Anglia Environmental Publications, Norwich, p 69

    Google Scholar 

  • Du Q, Faber V, Gunzburger M (1999) Centroidal Voronoi tessellations: applications and algorithms. SIAM Rev 41(4):637–676

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Ester M, Kriegel HP, Sander J, Xu X, et al (1996) A density-based algorithm for discovering clusters in large spatial databases with noise. In: 1996 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining, vol 96, pp 226–231

  • Evans W, Felsner S, Kaufmann M, Kobourov SG, Mondal D, Nishat RI, Verbeek K (2013) Table cartograms. In: 2013 21st European Symposium on Algorithms. Springer, pp 421–432

  • Furnas GW (1986) Generalized fisheye views. SIGCHI Bull 17(4):16–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gastner MT, Newman ME (2004) Diffusion-based method for producing density-equalizing maps. Proc Nat Acad Sci 101(20):7499–7504

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Graham RL, Yao FF (1983) Finding the convex hull of a simple polygon. J Algorithms 4(4):324–331

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Han X, Zhang C, Lin W, Xu M, Sheng B, Mei T (2016) Tree-based visualization and optimization for image collection. IEEE Trans Cybern 46(6):1286–1300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson B, Shneiderman B (1991) Tree-maps: a space-filling approach to the visualization of hierarchical information structures. In: 1991 Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Visualization, VIS ’91. IEEE Computer Society Press, pp 284–291

  • Keim DA, Panse C, Sips M, Stephen C (2003) PixelMaps: a new visual data mining approach for analyzing large spatial data sets. In: 2003 IEEE 3rd international conference on data mining, pp 565–568

  • Keim DA, North SC, Panse C (2004) CartoDraw: a fast algorithm for generating contiguous cartograms. IEEE Trans Visual Comput Graph 10(1):95–110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lampe OD, Hauser H (2011) Interactive visualization of streaming data with kernel density estimation. In: 2011 IEEE 4th Pacific Visualization Symposium, pp 171–178

  • Li C, Baciu G, Wang Y, Zhang X (2018) Fast content-aware resizing of multi-layer information visualization via adaptive triangulation. J Visual Lang Comput 45:61–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu T, Wang J, Sun J, Zheng N, Tang X, Shum HY (2009) Picture collage. IEEE Trans Multimed 11(7):1225–1239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu X, Shen HW, Hu Y (2015) Supporting multifaceted viewing of word clouds with focus+ context display. Inf Vis 14(2):168–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu L, Zhang H, Jing G, Guo Y, Chen Z, Wang W (2018) Correlation-preserving photo collage. IEEE Trans Visual Comput Graph 24(6):1956–1968

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd S (1982) Least squares quantization in PCM. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 28(2):129–137

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Nusrat S, Kobourov S (2016) The state of the art in cartograms. Comput Graph Forum 35(3):619–642

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rother C, Kumar S, Kolmogorov V, Blake A (2005) Digital tapestry [automatic image synthesis]. In: 2005 IEEE 20th Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol 1, pp 589–596

  • Rother C, Bordeaux L, Hamadi Y, Blake A (2006) Autocollage. ACM Trans Graph 25(3):847–852

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rubinstein M, Shamir A, Avidan S (2008) Improved seam carving for video retargeting. ACM Trans Graph 27(3):16:1–16:9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki S et al (1985) Topological structural analysis of digitized binary images by border following. Comput Vis Graph Image Process 30(1):32–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tan L, Song Y, Liu S, Xie L (2011) ImageHive: interactive content-aware image summarization. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 32(1):46–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomee B, Shamma DA, Friedland G, Elizalde B, Ni K, Poland D, Borth D, Li LJ (2016) Yfcc100m: the new data in multimedia research. Commun ACM 59(2):64–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tu Y, Shen HW (2008) Balloon focus: a seamless multi-focus+context method for treemaps. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 14(6):1157–1164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang YS, Tai CL, Sorkine O, Lee TY (2008) Optimized scale-and-stretch for image resizing. ACM Trans Graph 27(5):118:1–118:8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf L, Guttmann M, Cohen-Or D (2007) Non-homogeneous content-driven video-retargeting. In: 2007 IEEE 11th international conference on computer vision, pp 1–6

  • Wu Y, Liu X, Liu S, Ma KL (2013) ViSizer: a visualization resizing framework. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 19(2):278–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu Z, Lu L, Guo Y, Fan R, Liu M, Wang W (2014) Content-aware photo collage using circle packing. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 20(2):182–195

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants (Nos. 61672237, 61802128, 61532002) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chenhui Li.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chen, J., Wang, C. & Li, C. Resizing geovisualization with density map via a map collage. J Vis 23, 125–139 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-019-00610-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-019-00610-4

Keywords

Navigation