Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Recent trends in image watermarking techniques for copyright protection: a survey

  • Trends and Surveys
  • Published:
International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Digital copyright protection signifies the technology of rights protection, utilization control, and management of digital substances in the activity of production, propagation, retailing, and consumption. In the era of digital boom in information technology and multimedia, malicious exploitations and piracy have become a global phenomenon; thus, the need for digital content protection is inexorable. Image watermarking has been advocated universally to resolve innumerable dilemmas correlated with issues in the fields of digital rights management and multimedia security. According to anticipated applications, various suitable image watermarking procedures have been designed to safeguard the copyright of digital subjects. In this study, contemporary developments of digital image watermarking techniques are appraised so as to identify state-of-the-art practices and their limitations. This research contribution will be expedient for the academics in instigating efficient watermarking techniques for copyright authentication.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bhatnagar G (2012) A new facet in robust digital watermarking framework. AEU Int J Electron Commun 66(4):275–285

    Google Scholar 

  2. Mohanty SP, Sengupta A, Guturu P, Kougianos E (2017) Everything you want to know about watermarking: from paper marks to hardware protection. IEEE Consum Electron Mag 6(3):83–91

    Google Scholar 

  3. Nikolaidis N, Pitas I (1998) Robust image watermarking in the spatial domain. Signal Process 66(3):385–403

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Singh P, Chadha RS (2013) A survey of digital watermarking techniques, applications and attacks. Int J Eng Innov Technol 2(9):165–175

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mascher-Kampfer A, Stögner H, Uhl A (2006) Multiple re-watermarking scenarios. In: Proceedings of the 13th international conference on systems, signals, and image processing (IWSSIP 2006). Budapest, Hungary, pp 53–56

  6. Begum M, Uddin MS (2020) Digital image watermarking techniques: a review. Information 11(2):110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Tefas A, Nikolaidis N, Pitas I (2009) Image watermarking: techniques and applications. In: The essential guide to image processing. Academic Press, pp 597–648

  8. Kumar VA, Rao CHS, Dharmaraj C (2018) Image digital watermarking: a survey. Int J Adv Manag Technol Eng Sci 8(1):127–143

    Google Scholar 

  9. Rashid A (2016) Digital watermarking applications and techniques: a brief review. Int J Comput Appl Technol Res 5(3):147–150

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Singh AK, Kumar B, Singh G, Mohan A (2017) Medical image watermarking techniques: a technical survey and potential challenges. In: Medical image watermarking. Springer, Cham, pp 13–41

  11. Maheswari S, Rameshwaran K, Malarselvi KM (2015) DCT-PCA based watermarking on E-governance documents. Res J Appl Sci Eng Technol 9(7):507–511

    Google Scholar 

  12. Wang J, Lian S, Shi YQ (2017) Hybrid multiplicative multi-watermarking in DWT domain. Multidimens Syst Signal Process 28(2):617–636

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Vaidya SP, Mouli PC (2015) Adaptive digital watermarking for copyright protection of digital images in wavelet domain. Procedia Comput Sci 58:233–240

    Google Scholar 

  14. Gonge SS, Ghatol A (2015) A robust and secure DWT-SVD digital image watermarking using encrypted watermark for copyright protection of cheque image. In: International symposium on security in computing and communication. Springer, Cham, pp 290–303

  15. Mehta R, Rajpal N, Vishwakarma VP (2016) Adaptive image watermarking scheme using fuzzy entropy and GA-ELM hybridization in DCT domain for copyright protection. J Signal Process Syst 84(2):265–281

    Google Scholar 

  16. Abbas NH, Ahmad SMS, Ramli ARB, Parveen S (2016) A multi-purpose watermarking scheme based on hybrid of lifting wavelet transform and Arnold transform. In: 2016 Al-Sadeq international conference on multidisciplinary in IT and communication science and applications (AIC-MITCSA). IEEE, pp 1–6

  17. Liu XL, Lin CC, Yuan SM (2016) Blind dual watermarking for color images’ authentication and copyright protection. IEEE Trans Circ Syst Video Technol 28(5):1047–1055

    Google Scholar 

  18. Rahman MM, Ahammed MS, Ahmed MR, Izhar MN (2017) A semi blind watermarking technique for copyright protection of image based on DCT and SVD domain. Glob J Res Eng 16(7):9–15

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kumar KK, Pavani M (2016) A new PCA based hybrid color image watermarking using cycle spinning-sharp frequency localized contourlet transform for copyright protection. In: International conference on smart trends for information technology and computer communications. Springer, Singapore, pp 355–364

  20. Ansari IA, Pant M, Ahn CW (2016) ABC optimized secured image watermarking scheme to find out the rightful ownership. Optik 127(14):5711–5721

    Google Scholar 

  21. Harjito B, Prasetyo H (2016) False-positive-free GSVD-based image watermarking for copyright protection. In: 2016 international symposium on electronics and smart devices (ISESD). IEEE, pp 143–147

  22. Joshi AM, Bapna M, Meena M (2016) Blind image watermarking of variable block size for copyright protection. In: Proceedings of the international conference on recent cognizance in wireless communication & image processing. Springer, New Delhi, pp 853–859

  23. Kaur S, Sidhu RK (2016) Robust digital image watermarking for copyright protection with SVD–DWT–DCT and Kalman filtering. Int J Emerg Technol Eng Res 4(1):59–63

    Google Scholar 

  24. Haribabu M, Bindu CH, Swamy KV (2016) A secure & invisible image watermarking scheme based on wavelet transform in HSI color space. Procedia Comput Sci 93:462–468

    Google Scholar 

  25. Roy S, Pal AK (2017) A blind DCT based color watermarking algorithm for embedding multiple watermarks. AEU Int J Electronics and Communications 72:149–161

    Google Scholar 

  26. Liu S, Pan Z, Song H (2017) Digital image watermarking method based on DCT and fractal encoding. IET Image Proc 11(10):815–821

    Google Scholar 

  27. Jia S, Zhou Q, Zhou H (2017) A novel color image watermarking scheme based on DWT and QR decomposition. J Appl Sci Eng 20(2):193–200

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhou Z, Chen S, Wang G (2015) A robust digital image watermarking algorithm based on DCT domain for copyright protection. In: International symposium on smart graphics. Springer, Cham, pp 132–142

  29. Namachivayam A, Manikanda Prabhu S (2017) Digital image watermarking technique for copyright protection of multimedia data. Asia Pac J Res 1(53):230–235

    Google Scholar 

  30. Vo PH, Nguyen TS, Huynh VT, Do TN (2017) A robust hybrid watermarking scheme based on DCT and SVD for copyright protection of stereo images. In: 2017 4th NAFOSTED conference on information and computer science. IEEE, pp 331–335

  31. Al-Haj A, Barouqa H (2017) Copyright protection of e-government document images using digital watermarking. In: 2017 3rd international conference on information management (ICIM). IEEE, pp 441–446

  32. Lei B, Zhao X, Lei H, Ni D, Chen S, Zhou F, Wang T (2019) Multipurpose watermarking scheme via intelligent method and chaotic map. Multimed Tool Appl 78(19):27085–27107

    Google Scholar 

  33. Ernawan F, Kabir MN, Mustaffa Z (2017) A blind watermarking technique based on DCT psychovisual threshold for a robust copyright protection. In: 2017 12th international conference for internet technology and secured transactions (ICITST). IEEE, pp 92–97

  34. Harjito B, Suryani E (2017) Robust image watermarking using DWT and SVD for copyright protection. In: AIP conference proceedings, vol 1813, no. 1. AIP Publishing LLC, p 040003

  35. Juarez-Sandoval O, Fragoso-Navarro E, Cedillo-Hernandez M, Nakano M, Perez-Meana H, Cedillo-Hernandez A (2017) Improved unseen-visible watermarking for copyright protection of digital image. In: 2017 5th international workshop on biometrics and forensics (IWBF). IEEE, pp 1–5

  36. Loan NA, Hurrah NN, Parah SA, Lee JW, Sheikh JA, Bhat GM (2018) Secure and robust digital image watermarking using coefficient differencing and chaotic encryption. IEEE Access 6:19876–19897

    Google Scholar 

  37. Xu W, Chen H (2019) Secure and robust color image watermarking for copyright protection based on lifting wavelet transform. In: IEEE 25th international conference on mechatronics and machine vision in practice (M2VIP2018). IEEE

  38. Ernawan F, Kabir MN (2018) A blind watermarking technique using redundant wavelet transform for copyright protection. In: 2018 IEEE 14th international colloquium on signal processing & its applications (CSPA). IEEE, pp 221–226

  39. Arrasyid AA, Soeleman MA, Sari CA, Rachmawanto EH (2018) Image watermarking using triple transform (DCT-DWT-SVD) to improve copyright protection performance. In: 2018 international seminar on research of information technology and intelligent systems (ISRITI). IEEE, pp 522–526

  40. Parekh M, Bidani S, Santhi V (2018) Spatial domain blind watermarking for digital images. In: Progress in computing, analytics and networking. Springer, Singapore, pp 519–527

  41. Abraham J, Paul V (2019) An imperceptible spatial domain color image watermarking scheme. J King Saud Univ Comput Inf Sci 31(1):125–133

    Google Scholar 

  42. Ambadekar SP, Jain J, Khanapuri J (2019) Digital image watermarking through encryption and DWT for copyright protection. In: Recent trends in signal and image processing. Springer, Singapore, pp 187–195

  43. Khan MF, Monir SMG, Naseem I (2019) A novel zero-watermarking based scheme for copyright protection of grayscale images. Mehran Univ Res J Eng Technol 38(3):627–640

    Google Scholar 

  44. Koley S, Nayak MR, Bal SN, Sarkar SK (2019) Implementation of a feature-adaptive colour image copyright protection scheme. In: Advances in communication, devices and networking. Springer, Singapore, pp 201–211

  45. Sharmin S, Khaliluzzaman M, Mahiuddin M, Kafi A (2019) Blind digital image watermarking for copyright protection based on Hadamard transform. In: Emerging technologies in data mining and information security. Springer, Singapore, pp 215–225

  46. Yang H, Yin J (2015) A secure removable visible watermarking for BTC compressed images. Multimed Tool Appl 74(6):1725–1739

    Google Scholar 

  47. Hamidi M, Chetouani A, El Haziti M, El Hassouni M, Cherifi H (2019) Blind robust 3D mesh watermarking based on mesh saliency and wavelet transform for copyright protection. Information 10(2):67

    Google Scholar 

  48. Gonge SS, Ghatol AA (2016) An integration of SVD digital image watermarking with AES technique for copyright protection and security of bank cheque image. In: 2016 2nd international conference on contemporary computing and informatics (IC3I). IEEE, pp 769–778

  49. Rani A, Raman B (2016) An image copyright protection scheme by encrypting secret data with the host image. Multimed Tool Appl 75(2):1027–1042

    Google Scholar 

  50. Singh D, Singh SK (2017) DWT-SVD and DCT based robust and blind watermarking scheme for copyright protection. Multimed Tool Appl 76(11):13001–13024

    Google Scholar 

  51. Zhang Y, Wang C, Wang X, Wang M (2017) Feature-based image watermarking algorithm using SVD and APBT for copyright protection. Future Internet 9(2):13

    Google Scholar 

  52. Makbol NM, Khoo BE, Rassem TH, Loukhaoukha K (2017) A new reliable optimized image watermarking scheme based on the integer wavelet transform and singular value decomposition for copyright protection. Inf Sci 417:381–400

    Google Scholar 

  53. Parah SA, Sheikh JA, Ahad F, Loan NA, Bhat GM (2017) Information hiding in medical images: a robust medical image watermarking system for E-healthcare. Multimed Tool Appl 76(8):10599–10633

    Google Scholar 

  54. Heidari S, Gheibi R, Houshmand M, Nagata K (2017) A robust blind quantum copyright protection method for colored images based on owner’s signature. Int J Theor Phys 56(8):2562–2578

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  55. Roy S, Pal AK (2017) An indirect watermark hiding in discrete cosine transform–singular value decomposition domain for copyright protection. R Soc Open Sci 4(6):170326

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  56. Al-Otum HM (2019) Wavelet packets-based watermarking with preserved high color image quality and enhanced robustness for copyright protection applications. Multimed Tool Appl 78(2):2199–2225

    Google Scholar 

  57. Abbas NH, Ahmad SMS, Parveen S, Wan WA, Ramli ARB (2018) Design of high performance copyright protection watermarking based on lifting wavelet transform and bi empirical mode decomposition. Multimed Tool Appl 77(19):24593–24614

    Google Scholar 

  58. Manikandan VM, Masilamani V (2018) Histogram shifting-based blind watermarking scheme for copyright protection in 5G. Comput Electr Eng 72:614–630

    Google Scholar 

  59. Murali P, Sankaradass V (2018) An efficient ROI based copyright protection scheme for digital images with SVD and orthogonal polynomials transformation. Optik 170:242–264

    Google Scholar 

  60. Darwish SM, Al-Khafaji LDS (2019) Dual watermarking for color images: a new image copyright protection model based on the fusion of successive and segmented watermarking. Multimed Tool Appl 79(9):6503–6530

    Google Scholar 

  61. Ernawan F, Kabir MN (2019) An improved watermarking technique for copyright protection based on Tchebichef moments. IEEE Access 7:151985–152003

    Google Scholar 

  62. Thanki RM, Kothari AM (2019) Hybrid domain watermarking technique for copyright protection of images using speech watermarks. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 11(5):1835–1857

    Google Scholar 

  63. Khanam T, Dhar PK, Kowsar S, Kim JM (2020) SVD-based image watermarking using the fast walsh-hadamard transform, key mapping, and coefficient ordering for ownership protection. Symmetry 12(1):52

    Google Scholar 

  64. Devi HS, Singh KM (2020) Red-cyan anaglyph image watermarking using DWT, Hadamard transform and singular value decomposition for copyright protection. J Inf Secur Appl 50:102424

    Google Scholar 

  65. Singh SP, Bhatnagar G (2020) A robust watermarking scheme for copyright protection. In: Proceedings of 3rd international conference on computer vision and image processing. Springer, Singapore, pp 431–443

  66. Pandey MK, Parmar G, Gupta R, Sikander A (2020) Lossless color image watermarking based on lifting scheme and GWO for copyright protection. In: Soft computing: theories and applications. Springer, Singapore, pp 1269–1280

  67. Swaraja K, Meenakshi K, Kora P (2020) An optimized blind dual medical image watermarking framework for tamper localization and content authentication in secured telemedicine. Biomed Signal Process Control 55:101665

    Google Scholar 

  68. Kutter M, Petitcolas FA (1999) Fair benchmark for image watermarking systems. In: Security and watermarking of multimedia contents, vol 3657. International Society for Optics and Photonics, pp 226–239

  69. Sy NC, Kha HH, Hoang NM (2020) An efficient robust blind watermarking method based on convolution neural networks in wavelet transform domain. Int J Mach Learn Comput 10(5):675–684

    Google Scholar 

  70. Kazemi MF, Pourmina MA, Mazinan AH (2020) Analysis of watermarking framework for color image through a neural network-based approach. Complex Intell Syst 6(1):213–220

    Google Scholar 

  71. Kazemi MF, Pourmina MA, Mazinan AH (2020) Novel neural network based CT-NSCT watermarking framework based upon kurtosis coefficients. Sens Imaging Int J 21(1):7

    Google Scholar 

  72. El Houby EM, Yassin NI (2020) Wavelet-Hadamard based blind image watermarking using genetic algorithm and decision tree. Multimed Tool Appl 79:28453–28474

    Google Scholar 

  73. Li D, Deng L, Gupta BB, Wang H, Choi C (2019) A novel CNN based security guaranteed image watermarking generation scenario for smart city applications. Inf Sci 479:432–447

    Google Scholar 

  74. Kumar P, Sharma AK (2019) A robust digital image watermarking technique against geometrical attacks using support vector machine and glowworm optimization. In: International conference on intelligent data communication technologies and internet of things. Springer, Cham, pp 733–747

  75. Islam M, Laskar RH (2018) Geometric distortion correction based robust watermarking scheme in LWT-SVD domain with digital watermark extraction using SVM. Multimed Tool Appl 77(11):14407–14434

    Google Scholar 

  76. Abdelhakim AM, Abdelhakim M (2018) A time-efficient optimization for robust image watermarking using machine learning. Expert Syst Appl 100:197–210

    Google Scholar 

  77. Rai A, Singh HV (2017) SVM based robust watermarking for enhanced medical image security. Multimed Tool Appl 76(18):18605–18618

    Google Scholar 

  78. Singh RP, Dabas N, Chaudhary V (2016) Online sequential extreme learning machine for watermarking in DWT domain. Neurocomputing 174:238–249

    Google Scholar 

  79. Jagadeesh B, Kumar PR, Reddy PC (2016) Robust digital image watermarking based on fuzzy inference system and back propagation neural networks using DCT. Soft Comput 20(9):3679–3686

    Google Scholar 

  80. Anand A, Singh AK, Lv Z, Bhatnagar G (2020) Compression-then-encryption based secure watermarking technique for smart healthcare system. IEEE Multimed (Early Access). https://doi.org/10.1109/MMUL.2020.2993269

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. Prabha K, Sam IS (2020) A novel blind color image watermarking based on Walsh Hadamard transform. Multimed Tool Appl 79(9):6845–6869

    Google Scholar 

  82. Kang XB, Lin GF, Chen YJ, Zhao F, Zhang EH, Jing CN (2020) Robust and secure zero-watermarking algorithm for color images based on majority voting pattern and hyper-chaotic encryption. Multimed Tool Appl 79(1):1169–1202

    Google Scholar 

  83. Thakur S, Singh AK, Kumar B, Ghrera SP (2020) Improved DWT-SVD-based medical image watermarking through hamming code and chaotic encryption. In: Advances in VLSI, communication, and signal processing. Springer, Singapore, pp 897–905

  84. Mishra A, Gupta R, Jain S (2019) Secure and robust color image watermarking scheme using partial homomorphic cryptosystem in ASWDR compressed domain. Multimed Tool Appl 78(15):22127–22154

    Google Scholar 

  85. Noor R, Khan A, Sarfaraz A, Mehmood Z, Cheema AM (2019) Highly robust hybrid image watermarking approach using Tchebichef transform with secured PCA and CAT encryption. Soft Computing 23(20):9821–9829

    Google Scholar 

  86. Singh AK (2019) Robust and distortion control dual watermarking in LWT domain using DCT and error correction code for color medical image. Multimed Tool Appl 78(21):30523–30533

    Google Scholar 

  87. Su Y, Tang C, Li B, Qiu Y, Zheng T, Lei Z (2019) Greyscale image encoding and watermarking based on optical asymmetric cryptography and variational image decomposition. J Mod Optic 66(4):377–389

    Google Scholar 

  88. Thanki R, Borra S (2019) Fragile watermarking for copyright authentication and tamper detection of medical images using compressive sensing (CS) based encryption and contourlet domain processing. Multimed Tool Appl 78(10):13905–13924

    Google Scholar 

  89. Gupta R, Mishra A, Jain S (2018) A semi-blind HVS based image watermarking scheme using elliptic curve cryptography. Multimed Tool Appl 77(15):19235–19260

    Google Scholar 

  90. Priya S, Varatharajan R, Manogaran G, Sundarasekar R, Kumar PM (2018) Paillier homomorphic cryptosystem with poker shuffling transformation based water marking method for the secured transmission of digital medical images. Pers Ubiquitous Comput 22(5–6):1141–1151

    Google Scholar 

  91. Venugopal T, Reddy VSK (2018) Image watermarking using two level encryption method based on chaotic logistic mapping and Rivest Shamir Adleman algorithm. Int J Intell Eng Syst 11(6):271–281

    Google Scholar 

  92. Singh H (2018) Watermarking image encryption using deterministic phase mask and singular value decomposition in fractional Mellin transform domain. IET Image Process 12(11):1994–2001

    Google Scholar 

  93. Bhatti UA, Yu Z, Li J, Nawaz SA, Mehmood A, Zhang K, Yuan L (2020) Hybrid watermarking algorithm using clifford algebra with Arnold scrambling and chaotic encryption. IEEE Access 8:76386–76398

    Google Scholar 

  94. Amiri A, Mirzakuchaki S (2020) A digital watermarking method based on NSCT transform and hybrid evolutionary algorithms with neural networks. SN Appl Sci 2(10):1–15

    Google Scholar 

  95. Yu X, Wang C, Zhou X (2019) A robust color image watermarking algorithm based on APDCBT and SSVD. Symmetry 11(10):1227

    Google Scholar 

  96. Thanki R, Kothari A, Trivedi D (2019) Hybrid and blind watermarking scheme in DCuT–RDWT domain. J Inf Secur Appl 46:231–249

    Google Scholar 

  97. Zhang Y, Li Y, Sun Y (2019) Digital watermarking based on joint DWT–DCT and OMP reconstruction. Circ Syst Signal Process 38(11):5135–5148

    Google Scholar 

  98. Garg P, Dodeja L, Dave M (2019) Hybrid color image watermarking algorithm based on DSWT-DCT-SVD and Arnold transform. In: Advances in signal processing and communication. Springer, Singapore, pp 327–336

  99. Zear A, Singh AK, Kumar P (2018) A proposed secure multiple watermarking technique based on DWT, DCT and SVD for application in medicine. Multimed Tool Appl 77(4):4863–4882

    Google Scholar 

  100. Takore TT, Kumar PR, Devi GL (2018) A new robust and imperceptible image watermarking scheme based on hybrid transform and PSO. Int J Intell Syst Appl 10(11):50

    Google Scholar 

  101. Hu HT, Hsu LY (2017) Collective blind image watermarking in DWT–DCT domain with adaptive embedding strength governed by quality metrics. Multimed Tool Appl 76(5):6575–6594

    Google Scholar 

  102. Assini I, Badri A, Safi K, Sahel A, Baghdad A (2017) Hybrid multiple watermarking technique for securing medical image using DWT-FWHT-SVD. In: 2017 international conference on advanced technologies for signal and image processing (ATSIP). IEEE, pp 1–6

  103. Cetinel G, Cerkezi L (2016) Robust chaotic digital image watermarking scheme based on RDWT and SVD. Int J Image Graph Signal Process 8(8):58

    Google Scholar 

  104. Mardanpour M, Chahooki MAZ (2016) Robust hybrid image watermarking based on discrete wavelet and shearlet transforms. arXiv:1603.09396

  105. Singh A, Kumar A, Dutta K (2020) DWT, DCT and PBFO based approach for biometric image security. In: 2020 international conference on contemporary computing and applications (IC3A). IEEE, pp 298–303

  106. Hemdan EED (2020) An efficient and robust watermarking approach based on single value decompression, multi-level DWT, and wavelet fusion with scrambled medical images. Multimed Tool Appl. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-09769-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. Borra S, Thanki R (2019) A frt-svd based blind medical watermarking technique for telemedicine applications. Int J Digit Crime Forensics 11(2):13–33

    Google Scholar 

  108. Thabit R (2019) Multi-biometric watermarking scheme based on interactive segmentation process. Period Polytech Electr Eng Comput Sci 63(4):263–273

    Google Scholar 

  109. Thanki R, Borra S, Trivedi D (2019) Security of biometric and biomedical images using sparse domain based watermarking technique. In: Handbook of multimedia information security: techniques and applications. Springer, Cham, pp 209–232

  110. Bharati S, Rahman MA, Mandal S, Podder P (2018) Analysis of DWT, DCT, BFO & PBFO algorithm for the purpose of medical image watermarking. In: 2018 international conference on innovation in engineering and technology (ICIET). IEEE, pp 1–6

  111. Thanki RM, Dwivedi VJ, Borisagar KR (2018) Multibiometric watermarking technique using fast discrete curvelet transform (FDCuT) and discrete cosine transform (DCT). In: Multibiometric watermarking with compressive sensing theory. Springer, Cham, pp 137–160

  112. Thanki R, Borra S, Dwivedi V, Borisagar K (2017) An efficient medical image watermarking scheme based on FDCuT–DCT. Eng Sci Technol Int J 20(4):1366–1379

    Google Scholar 

  113. Thakkar FN, Srivastava VK (2017) A blind medical image watermarking: dWT-SVD based robust and secure approach for telemedicine applications. Multimed Tool Appl 76(3):3669–3697

    Google Scholar 

  114. Singh P, Raman B, Roy PP (2017) A multimodal biometric watermarking system for digital images in redundant discrete wavelet transform. Multimed Tool Appl 76(3):3871–3897

    Google Scholar 

  115. Nagpal S, Bhushan S, Mahajan M (2016) An enhanced digital image watermarking scheme for medical images using neural network, DWT and RSA. Int J Mod Educ Comput Sci 8(4):46

    Google Scholar 

  116. Kukreja S, Kasana G, Kasana SS (2020) Curvelet transform based robust copyright protection scheme for color images using extended visual cryptography. Multimed Tool Appl 9(35):26155–26179

    Google Scholar 

  117. Fatahbeygi A, Tab FA (2019) A highly robust and secure image watermarking based on classification and visual cryptography. J Inf Secur Appl 45:71–78

    Google Scholar 

  118. Kulkarni P, Kulkarni G (2018) Visual cryptography based grayscale image watermarking in DWT domain. In: 2018 second international conference on electronics, communication and aerospace technology (ICECA). IEEE, pp 1443–1446

  119. Degadwala SD, Gaur S (2018) 4-share VCS based image watermarking for dual RST attacks. In: Computational vision and bio inspired computing. Springer, Cham, pp 902–912

  120. Jiang X, Lu Z, Ding X (2017) A semi-fragile blind watermarking scheme for color images based on visual cryptography and discrete cosine transform. Int J Innov Comput Inf Control 13(5):1709–1719

    Google Scholar 

  121. Devi BP, Singh KM, Roy S (2017) New copyright protection scheme for digital images based on visual cryptography. IETE J Res 63(6):870–880

    Google Scholar 

  122. Shao Z, Shang Y, Zeng R, Shu H, Coatrieux G, Wu J (2016) Robust watermarking scheme for color image based on quaternion-type moment invariants and visual cryptography. Signal Process Image Commun 48:12–21

    Google Scholar 

  123. Mallick AK, Maheshkar S (2016) Digital image watermarking scheme based on visual cryptography and SVD. In: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on frontiers in intelligent computing: theory and applications (FICTA) 2015. Springer, New Delhi, pp 589–598

  124. Bakhsh FY, Moghaddam ME (2018) A robust HDR images watermarking method using artificial bee colony algorithm. J Inf Secur Appl 41:12–27

    Google Scholar 

  125. Sharma V, Mir RN (2019) An enhanced time efficient technique for image watermarking using ant colony optimization and light gradient boosting algorithm. J King Saud Univ-Comput Inf Sci. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2019.03.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  126. Pourhadi A, Mahdavi-Nasab H (2020) A robust digital image watermarking scheme based on bat algorithm optimization and SURF detector in SWT domain. Multimed Tool Appl 79:21653–21677

    Google Scholar 

  127. Kazemivash B, Moghaddam ME (2018) A predictive model-based image watermarking scheme using regression tree and firefly algorithm. Soft Comput 22(12):4083–4098

    Google Scholar 

  128. Chen YH, Huang HC, Lai CH, Chang TY (2020) An image watermarking approach based on artificial fish Swarm algorithm. In: 2020 IEEE 2nd global conference on life sciences and technologies (LifeTech). IEEE, pp 46–50

  129. Takore TT, Kumar PR, Devi GL (2018) A robust and oblivious grayscale image watermarking scheme based on edge detection, SVD, and GA. In: Proceedings of 2nd international conference on micro-electronics, electromagnetics and telecommunications. Springer, Singapore, pp 51–61

  130. Dappuri B, Rao MP, Sikha MB (2020) Non-blind RGB watermarking approach using SVD in translation invariant wavelet space with enhanced Grey-Wolf optimizer. Multimed Tool Appl 79:31103–31124

    Google Scholar 

  131. Soliman MM, Hassanien AE, Onsi HM (2016) An adaptive watermarking approach based on weighted quantum particle swarm optimization. Neural Comput Appl 27(2):469–481

    Google Scholar 

  132. Soppari K, Chandra NS (2020) Development of improved whale optimization-based FCM clustering for image watermarking. Comput Sci Rev 37:100287

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  133. Naik R, Gaonkar MN (2019) Data leakage detection in cloud using watermarking technique. In: 2019 international conference on computer communication and informatics (ICCCI). IEEE, pp 1–6

  134. Chen YY, Chi KY (2019) Cloud image watermarking: high quality data hiding and blind decoding scheme based on block truncation coding. Multimed Syst 25(5):551–563

    Google Scholar 

  135. Al-Shayea TK, Batalla JM, Mavromoustakis CX, Mastorakis G (2019) Embedded dynamic modification for efficient watermarking using different medical inputs in IoT. In: 2019 IEEE 24th international workshop on computer aided modeling and design of communication links and networks (CAMAD). IEEE, pp 1–6

  136. Al-Shayea TK, Mavromoustakis CX, Batalla JM, Mastorakis G, Mukherjee M, Chatzimisios P (2019) Efficiency-aware watermarking using different wavelet families for the internet of things. In: ICC 2019-2019 IEEE international conference on communications (ICC). IEEE, pp 1–6

  137. Singh P, Raman B (2018) Reversible data hiding based on Shamir’s secret sharing for color images over cloud. Inf Sci 422:77–97

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  138. Chauhan DS, Adarsh A, Kumar B, Gupta R, Saini JP (2017) Double secret key based medical image watermarking for secure telemedicine in cloud environment. In: 2017 40th international conference on telecommunications and signal processing (TSP). IEEE, pp 626–631

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Information Technology, Government College of Engineering and Ceramic Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700010, India

    Arkadip Ray

  2. Department of Information Technology, Techno Engineering College Banipur, Habra, West Bengal, 743233, India

    Somaditya Roy

Authors
  1. Arkadip Ray
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Somaditya Roy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arkadip Ray.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ray, A., Roy, S. Recent trends in image watermarking techniques for copyright protection: a survey. Int J Multimed Info Retr 9, 249–270 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13735-020-00197-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13735-020-00197-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation