TES modeling for analysis of a video multiplexer

doi:10.1016/0166-5316(92)90065-O

Performance Evaluation

Volume 16, Issues 1–3, November 1992, Pages 21-34

https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5316(92)90065-O Get rights and content

Abstract

The transport of video images is likely to be a major application of high-speed networks of the future. These applications are capable of utilizing the high bandwidths that will become available with the advent of B-ISDN. In this paper, we propose a new methodology (called TES) for modeling the frame bitrate stream generated by compressed video sources. The main characteristic of this method is that it can model an arbitrary marginal distribution and approximate the autocorrelation structure of the random bitrate process generated by compressed frames. We present a modeling example utilizing this method, based on data from a video coding algorithm employing a layering technique. Using the source model, we develop a simulation model of a multiplexer of video sources. We show that this model can be used to address a number of design issues that arise in this class of problem. In particular, we show that for a layered video coding algorithm, it is possible to have a gain in the number of sources multiplexed at the cost of some loss of low priority packets.

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Future B-ISDN (Broadband Integrated Services Data Network) and ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) networks support several applications, e.g. speech and video sources. It is well recognized that the traffic streams and superposition of several traffic streams generated by such services have variable bit rates (VBR) with a high degree of burstiness and autocorrelation. TES (Transform Expand Sample) techniques can be applied to model such kinds of traffic streams. TES techniques are a versatile methodology for fitting and modelling stationary and autocorrelated time series. Although TES models can be easily implemented for simulation studies and predictions of the interesting performance quantities of queueing systems, e.g. waiting time and loss probability, the need arises for analytical results on the performance evaluation of queueing systems with autocorrelated arrival and/or service processes, as the performance quantities mentioned above may be difficult and time consuming to obtain via simulation models, when they become extremely small (typically 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻⁹). This study deals with exact and approximative analysis of TES/G/1 and TES/D/1-K queueing systems where the arriving packets/cells are served with FCFS (First Come First Serve) service strategy. DFT (Discrete Fourier Transformation) can be applied to reduce the computation overhead in the analysis of TES/G/1 and TES/D/1-K queueing systems.
TEStool: A visual interactive environment for modeling autocorrelated time series
1995, Performance Evaluation
TEStool is a visual interactive software environment for modeling autocorrelated time series, using a versatile class of stochastic processes called TES (Transform-Expand-Sample). The novel feature of the TES modeling approach is that it strives to fit a model to empirical records by simultaneously capturing both the empirical distribution and the leading empirical autocorrelations. Thus, TES models can have a high degree of fidelity, since both first-order and second-order aspects of the statistical signature of empirical time series are targeted for capture. TEStool has been used extensively to model empirical data from a variety of application domains, including compressed video traffic in high-speed communications networks, financial time series and machine reliability.
This paper explains the TES approach to modeling empirical autocorrelated time series adopted in TEStool, as well as TEStool's graphical user interface (GUI). Special emphasis is placed on features that increase the efficiency and quality of modeling based on visualization and real-time interaction. In particular, TEStool casts a heuristic search activity into an intuitive process which is guided by visual feedback. Consequently, the software makes TES modeling accessible to modelers who have a basic understanding of time series, but lack expert knowledge of TES theory.
Modeling full-length VBR video using Markov-renewal-modulated TES models
1998, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Rate control for VBR video coders in broad-band networks
1997, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
GoP-based fluid Markovian modelling of video traffic
2010, 2010 2nd International Conference on Communications and Networking, ComNet 2010

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TES modeling for analysis of a video multiplexer

Abstract

Image Comm.

A Guide to Simulation

Statistical analysis of the output rate of a sub-band video coder

The transition and autocorrelation structure of TES processes, Part I: General Theory

Stochastic Models

The transition and autocorrelation structure of TES processes, Part II: Special cases

Stochastic Models

Statistical performance analysis of an interframe encoder for broadcast signals

IEEE Trans. Comm.