Agent-based simulation and simulation optimization approaches to energy planning under different scenarios: A hospital application case
Section snippets
Introduction and literature review
The factors such as limited resources, excessive and growing consumption, high costs make it mandatory to have an energy management perspective and use energy efficiently under flexible and applicable projections. Large buildings like hospitals, hotels, and trading centers are big energy consumers, which have a responsibility to take control of their energy consumptions and investigate alternative energy sources that are reducing costs and consumption. In EU countries, all buildings are
Methodology
To achieve the mentioned objectives based on flexible energy planning solutions, agent-based modeling and simulation optimization approaches have been employed.
Energy consumptions
Electricity and natural gas monthly consumption data were gathered from the bills between the years of 2012–2018 in the referenced hospital. The gathered monthly data in kWh unit has been analyzed and classified based on monthly consumptions to group similar months that are in terms of both electricity and natural gas respectively. Fig. 2 shows yearly consumption based on months depending on average consumption of 7 years for electricity and natural gas. As shown in Fig. 2, electricity
Results and discussion
The results belong to simulation models that have been run for 2019 and 2020 data separately by using of two different electricity tariff strategies for all the scenarios are shown in this section. Furthermore, to obtain the minimum system cost, we employed a simulation–optimization approach by determining the decision variables that are cogeneration capacity and the number of panels. The results of the optimization are also shown in this section.
Conclusions and future study
In this study, we have tried to construct the flexible tools that enable to manage and planning for building energy systems with the help of agent-based simulation and simulation optimization approaches. The proposed approach leverages the power of agent based simulation modeling and metaheuristics that allow to optimize the simulation models with aim of minimizing total system cost depending on cogeneration capacity and number of photovoltaic panels.
Firstly, due to lack of data, based on a
Declaration of Competing Interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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Current address: Gaziantep University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Gaziantep 27310, Şehitkamil, Turkey.