Building of geo-spatial data model for tea agricultural crop-lands compliance with LPIS Core Model (LCM) based land administration domain standards

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2015.07.008Get rights and content

Highlights

  • It is searched on building geo-spatial data model for tea agricultural croplands.

  • It is searched tea agricultural crops integrated LCM/LADM collaboration model.

  • We suggested building geo-spatial data model for tea agricultural croplands.

  • We figured out configuration of integrated data model.

  • It is expected to create data model for management of tea agricultural croplands.

Abstract

In the worldwide within the context of the agricultural development policies some agricultural crops are qualified as specialty agricultural crops having important leading effects on (i) food security, (ii) livelihood security and (iii) agricultural and rural development. So, in this paper, based on these criterias and because of having strategic position on national and regional agricultural development and growing under state guarantee in related countries tea agricultural crop is expected to specify as specialty agricultural crop in agricultural world today. But there is no more initiative for development of well-designed sustainable cropping systems and also for infrastructure of geo-spatial data management and tools for tea agricultural crop and cropping process as well. Thus, firstly, there is an increasing need and growing interest through providing insights in underlying drivers for tea agriculture with all facilities and actions. One of these drivers is to enable management framework of tea agricultural croplands and cropping assessment. Secondly, to determination and registration of land use rights, restrictions and responsibilities (RRR) on these croplands in a legal framework, the spatial data or spatial data management collaboration with land administration domains is required as a major tool for enabling both sustainable land management and spatial data infrastructure to enable spatial land use planning for tea agricultural crop-lands. At the last, it is also sounded as development the production to consumption management schema for tea agricultural cropping with all applications and practices. So, in this paper, it is built geo-spatial data model for tea agricultural crops and crop-lands both as a specialization of Specialty Agricultural Model and also as component of Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) Core Model (LCM) based on Land Administration Domain Model (LADM). As a result for sustainable global tea agricultural croplands management, it is expected to integrate this model with the standards of Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE) and Turkey National Geographical Information System (TUCBS) as well.

Introduction

The agricultural sector represents worldwide one of the major land uses: about 38% of the global land and over 40% of land in the European Union is in agricultural use (Lorenz et al., 2013). Understanding the area and extent of agricultural croplands is important for a variety of societal and environmental reasons (Johnson, 2013). At the beginning of the production cycle, farmers must decide which crops they are going to plant in each one of their parcels (Cid-Garcia et al., 2014). And the second it is highlighted by the governments how can a more systemic approach are established as an alternative to addressing particular land-use problems and how can modelling tools be used to support decision-making for future-oriented land-use/future land-use schemes (Wiggering and Steinhardt, 2015) takes into account geographical, environmental and landscape factors as variables interacting among themselves and with social and economic aspects. Over recent years different systems have been developed with the aim of providing support to policy makers in the field of agricultural development (Tortora et al., 2015). Food security, livelihood security and rural development are the core topics of global relevance currently driving the creation of tools for supporting the development of agricultural outputs management and strategies in order to adapt agricultural future challenges (Mirschel et al., 2014).

Based on these criterias and because of having strategic position on national and regional agricultural development and growing under state guarantee in related countries tea agricultural crop is expected to specify as specialty agricultural crop in agricultural world today. But there is no more initiative for development of well-designed sustainable cropping systems and also for infrastructure of geo-spatial data management and tools for tea agricultural crop and cropping process as well. Thus, firstly, there is an increasing need and growing interest through providing insights in underlying drivers for tea agriculture with all facilities and actions. One of these drivers is to enable management framework of tea agricultural croplands and cropping assessment. Secondly, to determination and registration of land use rights, restrictions and responsibilities (RRR) on these croplands in a legal framework, the spatial data or spatial data management collaboration with land administration domains is required as a major tool for enabling both sustainable land management and spatial data infrastructure to enable spatial land use planning for tea agricultural crop-lands. At the last, it is also sounded as development the production to consumption management schema for tea agricultural cropping with all applications and practices. So, in this paper, it is built geo-spatial data model for tea agricultural crops and crop-lands both as a specialization of Specialty Agricultural Model and also as component of Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) Core Model (LCM) based on Land Administration Domain Model (LADM). As a result for sustainable global tea agricultural croplands management, it is expected to integrate this model with the standards of Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE) and Turkey National Geographical Information System (TUCBS) as well.

As an agricultural output, some agricultural crops are proposed to satisfy as specialty agricultural crops according to the local and regional needs to enable improvements for farmers/organizations to provide good income, promotes equity, growth a better livelihood and agricultural employment. These crops have some specific features and become increasingly important to have influenced on regional, national and multi-state agricultural research, development and extension initiatives. And also, they are based on (i) food security, (ii) livelihood security and (iii) agricultural and rural development (FAO, 2003, Ford et al., 2007, Taşdoğan, 2010) as underlying drivers to make integration with the criteria such as economically significance, farmer/producer interests and feasibility. Further, specialty agricultural crops provide a rapidly growing economic opportunity for farmers and gardeners who are interested in diversifying their crops and who are willing to innovation their production methods, postharvest processing, and marketing (URL-2, 2014). In this context, based on criteria and principles mentioned above the tea agricultural crop is expected to specify as specialty agricultural crop in agricultural world because of having strategic position on national and regional agricultural development and growing under state guarantee in related country.

Tea plays a major role in the economy of several under developed and developing nations in Asia and Africa (Ramya et al., 2013). Tea (Camellia sinensis) is the most widely consumed beverage in the world and it is one of the major plantation crops (Maria John et al., 2014). Tea agricultural cropping is having an important role in global agriculture market (Dutta, 2013). Because of tea cropping has an important role in especially global agricultural market tea farmland are planted broad range of arable land throughout the world. Designed with the agricultural initiatives to meet socio-economic requirements, it is emphasized that tea croplands are intensively needed to manage agricultural ecosystems to support the sustainable of crop plantation management (Li et al., 2011). Therefore, it is curial for socio-economic development in great number of country as well (Owuor et al., 2011). Due to tea agriculture and tea agricultural cropping facilities are a source of livelihood and income as financial support mechanisms it is needed to enable economical growth towards the development of the tea industry in related countries (Ganewatta and Edwards, 2000).

Spatial explicit information of agricultural land is a crucial requirement for many environmental models especially in regional agro-ecosystem models that aim at agricultural management, geo-referenced land data (Gärtner et al., 2013). Geographic information provides significant benefits within the environmental, social and economic context for sustainable management of rural areas (Aydinoglu et al., 2011) and it supports management activities for effective and collaborative data management. This is for building an interoperable geographic data model and analysis tools to manage geographic data within providing multi-participant environment for the actors to support decision-making (Aydinoglu and Bilgin, 2014). The EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) subsidies to farmers are administered through dedicated information systems, a part of which is the GIS-based Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS). The requirement to map and record land eligible for payments has led to a situation where the agricultural administrations have acquired a large amount of geographic data. After the CAP reform in 2003, in order to distribute the EU subsidies, each member state established an Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS), including an identification system for agricultural parcels, known as the LPIS as the spatial component. The main functions of the LPIS are localisation, identification and quantification of agricultural land via very detailed geospatial data. Information about the quality of available geographic datasets is vital to the managing of agricultural subsidies and proper handling of the distribution of funds (Sagris et al., 2013). Therefore, the LCM is a core data model for those IACS/LPIS based on LADM. Some basic issues with the collaboration model are discussed within this study: registration of farmers, land use rights and farming limitations, geometry/topology, temporal data management etc. In order to manage data of farmers’ applications, IACS should contain the following components: (1) a computerized database; (2) an identification system for agricultural parcels also known as LPIS; (3) a system for identification of entitlements; (4) register for aid applications; (5) an integrated control system; and (6) identification system for farmers. It is developed as an extension for LCM/LADM collaboration model. The collaboration data model, which provides the concept to manage IACS/LPIS application based on LAS. LADM and LCM as standardization initiatives in both domains may be regarded as a good common point for the two domains. These initiatives are supposed to contribute to the advancement of both LAS and IACS/LPIS (Inan et al., 2010).

Moving from all these assessment mentioned above, the key focus is on making it possible to sound and build a geo-spatial data model for management of tea agricultural croplands and cropping facilities in response to enable registration and securing land and land use rights. And also it is focused on how it could be developed to identify of new and creative most effective strategies for multi scale (field, regional, national, continental and global) tea agricultural development and outstanding issues. As a further work, it would be focused on how to move forward to new spatial framework through the development of integrated geo-data model with designing of common data standards. This is the only one way to drive the evolution of geo-spatial interoperability for management system of tea agricultural croplands and all cropping facilities in response to environmental land management and growing realization in global tea farming resources and functions around the world.

Conceptual models, sometimes referred to as core models, are widely used in different application fields. In the cadastral domain, it is described fifteen years experience of the Swiss cadastral core model called INTERLIS. It is presented a Core Cadastral Data Model (CCDM) which is suitable for cross-country use and which enables involved parties to communicate information on land property. The FutureFarm initiative proposes a conceptual model for a farm management information system (FMIS) that is designed to be used at farm level, enabling communication of different applications and devices. The development and implementation of models such as the FutureFarm or LandIT projects are largely based on such initiatives as AgroXML and AgriXchange which are dedicated to standards for data exchange in the farmer’s business chain and especially used to exchange data with third party systems such as contractors, suppliers, consultants, etc. The recent adoption of the ISO 19152 Land Administration Domain Model (LADM), which is built upon the CCDM and to which the LCM acted as input to modelling efforts concerning land administration in agriculture, led to comparative analysis of cadastral systems and implementation of the cadastral system extension. A growing number of publications on modelling of land resources can be found in geological science. In the environmental domain, the INSPIRE data specifications are examples of common conceptual models for different data themes agreed by stakeholders. The INSPIRE Directive makes provision for 34 common data specifications covering reference (or general geographic) and thematic environmental data. Several INSPIRE data specifications are relevant to cross-compliance issues in the CAP, e.g. land cover, land use, cadastral parcel and protected sites (Sagris et al., 2013). It is needed to use the data collaboratively to provide noteworthy benefits to environmental, social, and economic context for sustainable management. By this way, Geographic information strategy consistent with Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE), Turkey National GIS, ISO 19152 Geographic Information – Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) under ISO/TC211 are the current standards to manage spatial data (Aydinoglu et al., 2009).

Section snippets

Method

This paper called for an understanding of how tea agricultural croplands were managed integrated with land administration domains and ongoing agricultural policies as well. These domains are, namely; (1) LCM/LADM collaboration model with all components such as Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS) and Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) as the spatial part of IACS, (2) Food Security, (3) Ownership (Tea Farmers) and Land Rights Security, (4) Land Tenure and Social Security,

Spatial classes of tea agricultural model

The “TeaAgriculturalParcel” class is designed to represent the basic spatial unit of tea agricultural model (Fig. 2). It is as a specialization of the subparcel designed in LADM_Agricultural Model and associated with “DeclaredAgriParcel” class. It is for enabling the spatial classification of declared tea agricultural parcels referenced by cadastre parcels and also for enabling aid applications and payment controls. “TeaAgriculturalParcel” defines the generalization of sub-parcel and it is

Registration of tea agricultural crop-lands integrated LPIS

In line with the priorities identified by these visions, it is aimed to enable to parcel based registration of the land and land use rights (RRR) as a land object within the data model. So the land object approach has a significant role on provide to support registration of RRR on tea agricultural cropland with spatial and legal perspective as well. For the final outcome, it is enabled to develop the well-regulated and integrated LIS for tea agricultural croplands with the cadastral system to

Conclusion

In global agricultural world, the information technologies are required as a major tool for tea agricultural development and policies as well. These are linked to socio-economic needs of almost all rural communities on land to addresses the identify of new and creative the most effective ways for agricultural innovation with supported land administration. The common objective of these innovation-based policies is firstly highlight the importance of the tea agricultural farming and facilities

Acknowledgements

This study is an extended chapter of the PhD Thesis namely “Developing Spatial Data Model for Speciality Agricultural Crop Lands: Case Study on Tea Agriculture”. We would like to thank all people and institutional departments for their supports and comments for this paper.

References (31)

  • V. Sagris et al.

    The harmonised data model for assessing Land Parcel Identification Systems compliance with requirements of direct aid and agri-environmental schemes of the CAP

    J. Environ. Manage.

    (2013)
  • A. Tortora et al.

    Rural landscape planning through spatial modelling and image processing of historical maps

    Land Use Policy

    (2015)
  • H. Wiggering et al.

    A conceptual model for site-specific agricultural land-use

    Ecol. Model.

    (2015)
  • A.C. Aydinoglu et al.

    Developing open geographic data model and analysis tools for disaster management: landslide case

    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss.

    (2014)
  • Aydinoglu, A.C., Demir, E., Ates, S., 2011. Designing a harmonized geo-data model for disaster management. Paper...
  • Cited by (0)

    View full text