SDN-assisted technique for traffic control and information execution in vehicular adhoc networks

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2022.108108Get rights and content

Abstract

Recently, applying Software-Defined Networking (SDN) in automotive industry has sparked a lot of interest due to its capacity to ensure focused organization across the board coupled with its vast versatility of isolating data from the control plane. However, the major concern in traffic network is that varied crisis and diversion messages are expected to be shared or brought into by the connected vehicles. Thus, disclosure of this information results in an evaluation of the steering and control of such messages. This research aims at employing SDN-assisted technique in heterogeneous vehicular organizations in executing information traffic-using optimal course determination and guiding in situations like a blockage in Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). To realize this, a workable traffic reproduction model is proposed and the experiments realized a re-enactment findings in terms of Round Trip Time (RTT) and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and improves the conventional information flow structure.

Introduction

Recent advances in vehicle interchanges has aided the development and growth of steering calculations which runs on the efficiency of vehicular organizations. Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) consists of vehicles which operate as flexible hubs that answer information requests depending on the requirements of the application. A typical VANET as illustrated in Fig. 1 is one in which all vehicles are saddled with GPS and OBUs (On-Board Units) with sensors and other communication equipment. Customary IP networks are inadequate to fulfill the VANET requirements. Each VANET application has varied models, some of which include high parcel conveyance proportion, different climates and better developed QoS, that normal organization is unable to provide because of its restrictions [1]. In a VANET, a typical organization is incapable of providing resilience, adaptability or the ability to regulate a large amount of portable hubs [2]. Specific VANET applications will be unable to operate as a result of the significant postponement of traditional companies.

Generally, SDN is another innovation which enables heads of the organizations to manage and maintain network reflection at the least useful level. The Road Side Unit (RSU) feature of SDN technology completely regulates the intelligently concentrated regulator [3]. Also, the SDN framework is equipped with two major parts which are, the control place and the data plane [4]. The control plane is usually carried out as the server product part, while the information plane is accessible on network gadgets such as switches and is responsible for information sending. There is also an inbuilt Open Flow which acts as a correspondence standard between the control plane and foundation. For the purpose of correspondence, Northbound and Southbound APIs may be utilized and updated as needed. However, results of this investigations for SDN in VANET is yet to be expected.

Recent modifications to the initial VANET engineering supports the combination of SDN and VANET as seen in the second part of Fig. 1 which illustrates the relationship between VANET and SDN. Instead of a base station in VANET, SDN supports open-stream switches which may affect straightforwardly or over the Internet with the help of the SDN regulator. The RSU unit of SDN may choose to relate with a base station, which would then consult the regulator, or may speak with the SDN regulator directly, depending on the specified requirements. If the SDN regulator-covered region is larger than the inclusion region, the SDN regulator would be sent in mist or on the cloud [5].

The aim and objectives of this study is to enhance the steering and control of automatic application information flow in an Infrastructure-to-Vehicle (I2V) communication environment. Another fundamental objective of such administrations is to further advance correspondence productivity between the RSUs and vehicles. The major concern is based on the fact that varied crisis and diversion messages are expected to be shared or brought into by the connected vehicles. Thus, disclosure of this information will result in an evaluation of the steering and control of such messages on RSU in an I2V correspondence scenario. This is an evaluation of SDN for competent organization traffic steering in VANETs.

In line with the necessities and requirements of this application, the study designed a re-enactment model in view of a global perspective on network traffic data. The presentation of the proposed calculation is evaluated under varied traffic loads. In the area of outcomes, the sufficiency and efficiency of reenactment was examined.

The overall structure of the proposed model is stated as follows; firstly, the study introduces a principal theory which supports the research strategy. Next, some calculations on organization steering and other related issues in VANETs are examined in accordance to [6]. Then, the creator introduces an SDN-powered organization traffic framework for faster reaction times and more effective throughput. Furthermore, with the aid of the characterized technique, an issue examination was performed. The creators illustrate the reproduction model and information on its exploration. In the end, the study concludes with a summary of unsolved challenges which may be sought to be resolved in future work.

Finally, the research is organized as follows; after the Introduction section which is already established earlier, the next is Section 2 which is the Literature review and contains a revision of several previously related works. In Section 3 the proposed research methodology for an SDN-assisted VANET technology, the proposed algorithm and its computational complexity were all extensively discussed and analyzed. Experimental results which includes establishing the simulation scenarios and all the evaluation metrics are contained in Section 4, while results obtained from the evaluations and simulations are discussed in Section 5. Final conclusions are made in Section 6.

Section snippets

Literature survey

Previous research and studies conducted on information conveyance in VANETs were focused on enhancing correspondence dependability and Quality of Service (QoS), as well as frequently emerging problems at the MAC and PHY levels [7], [8]. Making use of SDN instead of a traditional organization has some benefits, such as advanced efficiency and PDR. The main idea is that after the presentation of SDN in the VANET space, regular organizations would be unable to offer the required QoS to VANET [9].

Proposed work

The main idea of this research is to utilize SDN’s capacity in screening the network organization and subsequently diverting traffic contingent upon the network up link considering that the SDN regulator has a worldwide implementation on a network organization, which incorporates measurements like the number of vehicle hubs in the organization, data transmission, and complete hub interest.

As illustrated in Algorithm 1, the heap factor is determined by isolating the bandwidth using the

Simulation scenario

To run the reproduction, two organizations were utilized, one with a reenactment area of 1.5 km and the other with a recreation area of 3 km, as displayed in Fig. 2. The square size in the two organizations is 200 m 200 m, and four particular situations with changed quantities of hubs were set as 60, 120, 180, and 200. Table 1 shows the particulars of the reproduction boundaries.

The two organizations were mimicked with shifted quantities of vehicles going from 50 to 200. The most extreme

Discussions

PDR and RTT, which can be shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, respectively, were considered execution measurements. PDR for a 1.5 km locale is given in Fig. 5 Obviously the Traditional Protocol functions admirably for 50 and 100 hubs, however as the quantity of hubs develops, PDR drops, while our proposed convention delivers practically same outcomes. PDR for a 3 km district is displayed in Fig. 6, and when contrasted with a 1.5 km region, it very well may be noticed that PDR in 3 km is to some degree

Conclusion

This focus of this research is on employing assistance engineering in heterogeneous vehicular organizations which utilizes Software-Defined Network (SDN) concept for managing information traffic-using optimal course determination and guiding in situations like a blockage in Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). A particular scenario in which a vehicular hub requests a variety of data from other vehicular hubs was considered. Experiments in this research has proved again the significance of SDN

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Taif University Researchers Supporting Project (number TURSP-2020/26), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

Hai Tao completed his M.S at School of Mathematics and Statistics of Lanzhou University in 2009. From 2009 to 2012, he obtained his Ph.D. at Faculty of Computing in University Malaysia Pahang. He is an associate professor in Baoji University of Arts and Sciences. His current research interests include machine learning, Internet of things and optimization computation.

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    Jasni Mohamad Zain received her bachelor’s degree in computer science from the University of Liverpool in 1989 and the Ph.D. degree from Brunel University in 2005. She has authored or co-authored over 100 refereed papers. She has a patent pending for digital watermarking. Her current research interests include digital watermarking and image processing, as well as data and network security.

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    Sundaravadivazhagan B obtained his Ph.D in 2016 in Information and Communication Engineering from Anna University Chennai. He is a Professor in the Department of Information Technology at the University of Technology and Applied Science-AL Mussanah, Oman. He has over 20 years of teaching and research experience. His research interests include IoT, AI and Machine learning, Network and security, and MANET.

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    Otuu Obinna Ogbonnia (MCPN, MNCS, MITSSP, MTRCN) holds a masters in Information Technology from National Open University, Nigeria. He is currently a Lecturer in Computer Science Department, Federal Polytechnic Oko, Anambra State, Nigeria and also a reviewer for several top tier SCI journals. His research interest includes; HCI, IoT, Machine learning, SDN and Artificial Intelligence.

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